Woody Allen

Woody Allen, (born Allen Stewart Königsberg on December 1, 1935), is an American film director, screenwriter, stand up comic, and short story writer, whose large body of work and cerebral style have made him one of the most widely respected and prolific filmmakers in the modern era. He writes and directs his own movies and has acted in many of them as well. Allen draws heavily on literature, philosophy, European cinema and most importantly, New York City, where he was born and in which he has lived all his life, for much of his inspiration; indeed, his onscreen persona is the quintessential New York Jewish intellectual: neurotic and self-absorbed, cosmopolitan yet insecure, with a self-deprecating sense of humor.

Life and work

Allen was born in Brooklyn, New York, into a Jewish family. His parents Martin Konigsberg and Nettea Cherrie, and his sister, Letty, lived in Flatbush, Brooklyn, where he attended a Hebrew school for eight years. After that, he went to Public School 99 and then to Midwood High, where "Red" (as he was called because of his hair) impressed students with his extraordinary talent at cards and magic tricks. To raise money, he began writing gags for the agent David O. Alber, who sold them to newspaper columnists. Reportedly, Allen's first published joke was "I am two with Nature." At sixteen, he started writing for show stars like Sid Caesar and began calling himself Woody Allen. He was a gifted comedian from an early stage.

Related Topics:
Brooklyn, New York - Flatbush - Brooklyn - Gags - Sid Caesar

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He would later joke that when he was young he was often sent to inter-faith summer camps, in which he "was savagely beaten by children of all races and creeds".

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After high school, he went to New York University where he studied communication and film but, never much of a student, he soon dropped out due to poor grades. He also briefly attended City College of New York after that. At nineteen, he married Harlene Rosen, a philosophy student, and started writing scripts for The Ed Sullivan Show, The Tonight Show and others. In 1957, he won his first Emmy Award; about the same time, he divorced Harlene.

Related Topics:
New York University - City College of New York - The Ed Sullivan Show - The Tonight Show - 1957 - Emmy Award

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He started writing prose and plays, and in 1960, started a new career as a stand-up comedian and also began writing for the popular Candid Camera television show, even appearing in some episodes. Together with his managers he turned his weaknesses into his strengths and developed the neurotic, nervous, and shy figure famous from his later movies. He soon became an immensely popular comedian and appeared frequently in nightclubs and on television.

Related Topics:
1960 - Stand-up comedian - Candid Camera

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His first movie production was What's New, Pussycat? in 1965, for which he wrote the screenplay. It was a largely unpleasant experience for Allen as he was trapped in Paris for six months during the production. Furthermore, the studio never showed much respect for his script, altering the film to the point where it bore little resemblance to Allen's original vision. Allen's first directorial effort was What's Up, Tiger Lily? (1966), in which an existing Japanese spy movie was redubbed in English by Allen and his friends with completely new, comic dialogue. In 1967, he also appeared in the offbeat James Bond spoof, Casino Royale.

Related Topics:
What's New, Pussycat? - 1965 - Paris - What's Up, Tiger Lily? - 1966 - Japanese - English - 1967 - James Bond - Casino Royale

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His first conventional directing effort was Take The Money and Run (1969), which was followed by Bananas, Everything You Always Wanted To Know About Sex (But Were Afraid to Ask), Sleeper, and Love and Death. In 1972, he also starred in the film version of his own play called Play It Again, Sam, which was directed by Herbert Ross. All of Allen's early films are pure comedies that relied heavily on slapstick, inventive sight gags, and non-stop one-liners. Among the many notable influences on these films are Bob Hope and Groucho Marx.

Related Topics:
Take The Money and Run - 1969 - Bananas - Everything You Always Wanted To Know About Sex (But Were Afraid to Ask) - Sleeper - Love and Death - Play It Again, Sam - Herbert Ross - Slapstick - Bob Hope - Groucho Marx

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In 1976, he starred in, but did not direct, The Front, a serious look at Hollywood blacklisting during the 1950s. He returned to directing in 1977's Annie Hall, a modern classic that marked a major turn away to more sophisticated humor and thoughtful drama (the movie won four Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Actress). The film set the standard for modern romantic comedy and also started a fashion trend with the unique clothes worn by Diane Keaton in the film (the off-beat, masculine clothing, such as ties with cardigans, was actually Keaton's own). He also directed the serious drama Interiors, in the manner of the great Swedish director, Ingmar Bergman, one of Allen's major influences. His most successful movies were produced in a ten year period starting with Annie Hall; other critical and financial successes were Manhattan, The Purple Rose of Cairo (named by Time Magazine as one of the 100 best films of all time, and Allen's personal favorite) and Hannah and Her Sisters (winner of three Academy Awards).

Related Topics:
1976 - The Front - Hollywood - Blacklist - 1950s - 1977 - Annie Hall - Humor - Academy Awards - Diane Keaton - Interiors - Ingmar Bergman - Manhattan - The Purple Rose of Cairo - Time Magazine - Hannah and Her Sisters

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Allen won the 1978 O. Henry Award for his short story "The Kugelmass Episode" published in The New Yorker on May 2, 1977.

Related Topics:
O. Henry Award - Short story - The New Yorker

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Most of his 1980s films, even the comedies, have somber and philosophical undertones. Many, like September and Stardust Memories, are often said to be heavily influenced by the works of European directors, most notably Ingmar Bergman and Federico Fellini. Stardust Memories was considered by many to be a biting piece of work in which the main character (played by Allen) expresses resentment and scorn for his fans. In the film, overcome by the recent death of a friend from illness, he states, "I don't want to make funny movies any more."

Related Topics:
1980s - September - Stardust Memories - Ingmar Bergman - Federico Fellini

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Allen twice won the César Award for Best Foreign Film, the first in 1980 for Manhattan and the second in 1986 for The Purple Rose of Cairo. He is also the most frequently nominated person in the Academy Award category of Best Originial Screenplay, with a total of 13 nominations. He has also been nominated many times in the category of Best Director, and his actors are also among the most frequently nominated people in their respective catagories.

Related Topics:
César Award for Best Foreign Film - Best Director

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His 1992 film Shadows and Fog is an homage to Fritz Lang, G.W. Pabst and F.W. Murnau, and the German expressionists.

Related Topics:
Shadows and Fog - Fritz Lang - G.W. Pabst - F.W. Murnau

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In the late 1990s he returned to lighter movies: Everyone Says I Love You, a musical, Mighty Aphrodite, for which Mira Sorvino won an Academy Award, and others.

Related Topics:
1990s - Everyone Says I Love You - Mighty Aphrodite - Mira Sorvino - Academy Award

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In 1992, his personal life became very public, when he left his long-term partner Mia Farrow after she discovered his secret affair with her adopted daughter Soon-Yi Previn. Farrow accused him of being a pedophile (Previn was 22, 35 years younger than Allen) and of abusing their seven-year-old daughter Dylan - a charge that was later dismissed. These events eerily echoed the plotline of his very dark film released at the time, Husbands and Wives. In that film, Woody and Mia play a couple whose decade-long relationship is falling apart, with Woody's character becoming attracted to one of his 20-year-old students. Farrow discusses the events in What Falls Away: A Memoir, ISBN 0385471874. Although Farrow was his partner, Allen never lived with her, so his relationship with Previn had never been of a step-father to a step-daughter before their sexual relationship.

Related Topics:
1992 - Mia Farrow - Soon-Yi Previn - Pedophile - Husbands and Wives - Step-father - Step-daughter

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Allen and Previn married in 1997 and later adopted two daughters, naming both (Bechet Allen and Manzie Tio Allen) after jazz musicians (Sidney Bechet and Manzie Johnson).

Related Topics:
1997 - Sidney Bechet - Manzie Johnson

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Despite his personal hurdles, he continues to produce an average of one film a year. Small Time Crooks (2000), his first film with DreamWorks SKG studio, was a modest success, grossing over ten million dollars. Allen's films tend to be more popular in Europe, particularly France, a country where he has a large fan base; in fact, he himself has said that he "survives" on the European market. In any case, he is widely respected and admired as a major filmmaker and he attracts diverse and talented actors for his films, including Diane Keaton, Julia Roberts, Sean Penn, Michael Caine, John Cusack, Anjelica Houston, Alan Alda, Judy Davis, Stockard Channing, Helen Hunt, Téa Leoni, Christina Ricci, Chloë Sevigny, Wallace Shawn, and David Ogden Stiers. He continues to write roles for the neurotic persona he created in the 1960s and 1970s. However, as Allen gets older, the roles have been assumed by other actors such as John Cusack (Bullets Over Broadway), Kenneth Branagh (Celebrity), Jason Biggs (Anything Else), and Will Ferrell (Melinda and Melinda).

Related Topics:
Small Time Crooks - 2000 - DreamWorks SKG - Diane Keaton - Julia Roberts - Sean Penn - Michael Caine - John Cusack - Anjelica Houston - Alan Alda - Judy Davis - Stockard Channing - Helen Hunt - Téa Leoni - Christina Ricci - Chloë Sevigny - Wallace Shawn - David Ogden Stiers - 1960s - 1970s - Kenneth Branagh - Jason Biggs - Will Ferrell

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In 2002 Woody made a surprise appearance - his first ever due to his intense dislike of Los Angeles - at the Academy Awards telecast. It was part of a tribute to New York after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. He has been instrumental is encouraging film-makers to film in his favourite city.

Related Topics:
2002 - Los Angeles - 9/11 terrorist attacks

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Allen is also a talented clarinetist who has been performing publicly at least since the late 1960s. He makes regular New York appearances with his New Orleans Jazz Band, specializing in classic New Orleans jazz from the turn of the century. The documentary film Wild Man Blues (directed by Barbara Kopple) documents a 1996 European tour by Allen and band, as well as his relationship with Soon Yi.

Related Topics:
Clarinet - 1960s - New Orleans jazz - Documentary film - Barbara Kopple

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In a 2005 poll The Comedian's Comedian, Allen was voted the third greatest comedy act ever by fellow comedians and comedy insiders.

Related Topics:
2005 - The Comedian's Comedian

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His latest film, Match Point, starring Scarlett Johansson, debuted at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival. Match Point is set in London.

Related Topics:
Match Point - Scarlett Johansson - 2005 Cannes Film Festival - London

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