Wace

Wace (c. 1115 – c. 1183) was an Anglo-Norman poet, who was born in Jersey and brought up in mainland Normandy (he tells us in the Roman de Rou that he was taken as a child to Caen), ending his career as Canon of Bayeux.

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His extant works include:

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• Roman de Brut - a verse history of Britain
• Roman de Rou - a verse history of the Dukes of Normandy
• Other works, also in verse, include lives of Saint Margaret and Saint Nicholas.

Roman de Brut (c. 1155) was based on the work of Geoffrey of Monmouth. It cannot be regarded as a history in any modern sense, although Wace often distinguishes between what he knows and what he does not know, or has been unable to find out. Wace narrates the founding of Britain, by Brutus of Troy, to the end of the legendary British history created by Geoffrey of Monmouth. The popularity of this work is explained by the new accessibility to a wider public of the Arthur legend in a vernacular language. In the midst of the Arthurian section of the text, Wace was the first to mention the legend of King Arthur's Round Table and the first to ascribe the name Excalibur to Arthur's sword, although he on the whole adds only minor details to Geoffrey's text. The Roman de Brut became the basis, in turn, for Layamon's Brut, an alliterative Middle English poem, and Piers Langtoft's Chronicle.

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His later work, the Roman de Rou, was, according to Layamon, commissioned by King Henry II of England. A large part of the Roman de Rou is devoted to William the Conqueror and the Norman Conquest. Wace's reference to oral tradition within his own family suggests that his account of the preparations for the Conquest and of the Battle of Hastings are reliant not only on documentary evidence but also on eyewitness testimony from close relations. The Roman de Rou also includes a mention of the appearance of Halley's Comet. The relative lack of popularity of the Roman de Rou may reflect the loss of interest in the history of the Duchy of Normandy following the incorporation of continental Normandy into the kingdom of France in 1204.

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The Anglo-Norman language Wace wrote in is variously regarded as a dialect of the Norman language, a dialect of Old French, or specifically the precursor of J?rriais. Writers in Jersey have looked on Wace as the founder of Jersey literature, and J?rriais is sometimes referred to as the language of Wace although the poet himself predated the development of J?rriais as a literary language. Wace is the earliest known Jersey writer.

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Although the name Robert has been ascribed to Wace, this is a tradition resting on little evidence. It is generally believed nowadays that Wace only had one name.

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Wace's descriptions of militarily strategic points on the coast of Normandy were used in the early planning stages of the Battle of Normandy.

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There is a granite memorial stone to Wace built into the side of the States Building in Jersey's Royal Square. This includes a quote from the Roman de Rou that expresses the poet's pride in his place of birth:

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:Jo di e dirai ke jo sui

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:Wace de l?isle de Gersui

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Modern French:

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:Je dis et dirai que je suis

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:Wace de l'?le de Jersey

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English:

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:I say and will say that I am

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:Wace from the Island of Jersey

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Wace: Bibliography ►



 

Anglo-Norman: The Anglo-Normans were the descendents of the Normans who ruled England following the conquest by William of Normandy in 1066. They spoke the Anglo-Norman language....

Poet: Poets are authors of poems, or of other forms of poetry such as dramatic verse. Poets are often regarded as imaginative thinkers or writers. Bad poets are called poetasters....

Jersey: The Bailiwick of Jersey (J?rriais: J?rri) is a Crown dependency off the coast of Normandy, France. As well as the island of Jersey itself, it also includes the uninhabited islands of Minquiers and Ecr?hous. Along with the Bailiwick of Guernsey it forms the grouping known as the Channel Islands. The ...