Undergraduate
In some educational systems, an undergraduate is a post-secondary student pursuing a Bachelor's degree. Students of higher degrees are known as postgraduates (or often simply graduates).
Related Topics:
Education - Post-secondary - Student - Bachelor's degree - Postgraduate - Graduates
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In the United States, most undergraduate education takes place at four-year colleges or universities. Students in their first, second, third, and fourth years of study are often called, respectively, freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors (although some institutions, such as many women's colleges, substitute "first-year" for "freshman" in an attempt to remain more gender-neutral). Some institutions (e.g. liberal-arts colleges) offer primarily or exclusively undergraduate education, while most universities offer graduate study as well. Successful completion of undergraduate work generally requires the completion of many courses of varying subject and difficulty, and a concentration or "major" that focuses on a particular academic discipline.
Related Topics:
United States - College - Universities - Women's college - Gender-neutral - Liberal-arts college - Major - Academic discipline
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In the United Kingdom, undergraduate refers to the first three or four years of study towards a Bachelor's degree.
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In many other, particularly continental European systems, something like an "undergraduate" degree in the American sense does not exist. Other than in the US, where students engage in general studies during the first years of tertiary education and only specialize in a "major" during the last years of college, European students enroll in a specific course of studies they wish to pursue right from the beginning, as they are expected to have received a sound general education already on the secondary level, in a school such as a gymnasium or lycée. At university, which they can enter at an age as early as 18 in many countries, they specialize in a subject field which they pursue in a curriculum of, in most cases, four or five years of studies. The fields available include those which are only taught as graduate degrees in the US, such as law, medicine or business administration. After completing the first degree, students can move on to doctoral studies. In many countries, the English distinction between a bachelor's and master's degree is only now being introduced by the Bologna process, meaning that the first degree would roughly correspond to a master's degree in the US or the UK.
Related Topics:
Gymnasium - Lycée - University - Law - Medicine - Business administration - Bachelor - Master - Bologna process
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Latest news on undergraduate
Jan-May 2009 Great Sublet (Utilities, Cable, Wireless etc., included) (richmond / point / annex) $550 1bd
Hello, My roommate and I live in a small 2 bedroom house in Richmond. I am renting out my room during the Spring (January-May 2009) because I am going abroad for the semester. The room is a very good size, spacious, has big windows, laminate wood floors and decent closet space. What's included: Utilities, Cable (Direct TV), Wireless Internet, and a Washer and Dryer are available for use. I can leave it furnished/partially furnished, or not. It's a great deal! It's about a 5 minute drive to Richmond Bart and the 580. Who you will be sharing the house with: My roommate who is an undergraduate student/working female, and her dog and cat. They are all very nice and great to live with. Email if your are interested in checking out the place or want more details. Thanks!
Undergrad Library hosts gaming event
Daily Illini - ?The University?s Undergraduate Library participated, offering both new video game systems such as a Wii, Xbox 360 and Playstation 3 and vintage systems such as Sega Genesis and Atari 2600. The event was centered on a nationwide online tournament.?
Near Unit 2 on College, Looking for a roommate (berkeley) $550
Hi, I am looking for a new roommate. It is located on the college avenue, near unit 2. You will live in the living room with curtain around it. It's $550 per month and $800 security deposit. There is no fixed number of months you are required to live here from contract but you have to go through the regular process (credit history check, application process and talking to manager). A little bit about myself: I am a male junior student at Cal, studying econ and engineering. I am an Asian but I am open to any type of person, male or female, asian or caucasian, undergraduate, graduate or professional as long as I am comfortable with that person. The room will be available from January 17th. For more information, please email me with a bit about yourself. Thank you and I look forward to hearing from you!
We Won't Be Fooled Again: Teaching Critical Thinking via Evaluation of Hoax and Historical Revisionist Websites in a Library Credit Course
The new issue of College and Undergraduate Libraries 15 (1/2) (2008) is on critical thinking. Stephanie Mathson and I have an article in it titled "We Won't Be Fooled Again: Teaching Critical Thinking via Evaluation of Hoax and Historical Revisionist Websites in a Library Credit Course." The article is not online but Stephanie and I are pleased with it.From the abstract:At Central Michigan University, librarians teach multiple sections of an eight-week, one-credit research skills class to hundreds of undergraduate students each semester. While the main focus of the course is to teach students how to find, use, and properly cite library resources, librarians also address critical thinking skills by designing lessons to teach World Wide Web organization and how to analyze the information found via search engines. Showing student's obvious hoax sites about ?tree octopi? and ?male pregnancy? introduces the concepts of critical thinking and Website analysis. Most students quickly refute the information on such sites. However, students have a more difficult time assessing social, historical, or political revisionist Web sites' validity. Contrasting those claims with evidence accepted by international courts, historians, and scientists is useful in pointing out the flaws of seemingly well documented but one-sided revisionist sites. There are dangers in exposing students to these groups via their Websites. Yet, it is important to do so in order to convey the importance of critical analysis of information. The authors discuss students' preand post-test (CMU's online assessment tool, the ?research readiness self-assessment? [RRSA]) scores to determine whether critical thinking skills have improved.
Position Announcement: Music Bibliographer, Central Michigan University
Reference Librarian/Music Bibliographer (Tenure-track, 12-month, Assistant Professor)Central Michigan University Libraries seeks a 12-month, tenure-track faculty Reference Librarian/Music Bibliographer at the rank of Assistant Professor to join an energetic team. Serving about 28,000 students, Central Michigan University is a doctoral research institution recognized for strong undergraduate education and a range of focused graduate programs and research.Position Description: Shares responsibility with a team of 10 librarians in the Reference Services Department for providing all facets of reference service, including reference and research support, and library instruction. Teaches sections of LIB 197, a one-hour credit course and conducts specific instruction for other courses. Participates in collection development and serves as bibliographer for music and other areas as assigned. Serves as music specialist for the Libraries and assists Technical Services in acquiring and cataloging music material. As a faculty member, produces scholarly and/or creative achievements and contributes to university service. This position includes weekend/evening hours.Minimum Requirements: Applicants must possess an MLS or equivalent degree from an ALA-accredited program, excellent communication skills, service-orientation, and evident potential for earning tenure/promotion as a library faculty member. This position requires relevant experience or education in academic library reference and instruction, and an undergraduate degree in music or a demonstrably significant academic background in music. Applicants must show evidence of the ability to carry out assignments independently and cooperatively.Preferred Requirements: Advanced degree in music and other teaching experience.Salary commensurate with qualifications, minimum $52,000. Excellent fringe benefits.Submit letter of application addressing qualifications for the position, resume, and names, titles, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three professional references. Applications may be emailed to cole1se@cmich.edu (please include the phrase "Reference Librarian/Music Bibliographer Search" in the subject line). Alternatively, a hard copy application may be sent to:Chairperson, Reference Librarian/Music Bibliographer Search Committee407 Park LibraryCentral Michigan UniversityMount Pleasant, MI 48859Review of applications begins June 1, 2008. Applications for this position will be accepted until the position is filled.CMU, an AA/EO institution, strongly and actively strives to increase diversity within its community (see http://www.cmich.edu/aaeo/).
Digital Information Literacy Competition tests Internet literacy and cognitive agility
Want to encourage your students to develop good information literacy skills? This novel idea is being tried by Indiana University. The article Digital Information Literacy Competition tests Internet literacy and cognitive agility has some details.It notes:"Undergraduate students will show off their reference and Internet literacy skills during the Digital Literacy Contest on Sept. 30 at Indiana University Bloomington's Herman B Wells Library. The Indiana University Libraries, which is hosting the competition, is offering $100 as a first-place prize. Registration for the contest is free. Afterward, the library will provide food and lead a discussion about digital information literacy. The Digital Literacy Contest was created in 2007 by former Purdue University student Daniel Poynter. Current participants include Purdue, IU Bloomington, Brown University and the University of Florida."
There is no way to make your debt magically disappear, but we can reduce it (All Of Peninsula)
Tired of living in debt? Our Debt Settlement Programs really work! Now there's hope through this legal solution! We can help you eliminate debt instantly. Don't pay itÂ…. settle it! Let our Debt Experts help you become debt free with our debt settlement program. Visit us today to get a no obligation Free Debt Settlement quotation. (888) 588-7285 Some interesting credit facts:Last year the credit card industry took in $43 billion in card fees.The average undergraduate finishes school with $19,200 in debt. This includes student loans and credit card card debt(Source: Nellie Mae Sept 2006)
Quantum Cryptography: As Awesome As It Is Pointless
Quantum cryptography is back in the news, and the basic idea is still unbelievably cool, in theory, and nearly useless in real life. The idea behind quantum crypto is that two people communicating using a quantum channel can be absolutely sure no one is eavesdropping. Heisenberg's uncertainty principle requires anyone measuring a quantum system to disturb it, and that disturbance alerts legitimate users as to the eavesdropper's presence. No disturbance, no eavesdropper ? period. This month we've seen reports on a new working quantum-key distribution network in Vienna, and a new quantum-key distribution technique out of Britain. Great stuff, but headlines like the BBC's "'Unbreakable' encryption unveiled" are a bit much. The basic science behind quantum crypto was developed, and prototypes built, in the early 1980s by Charles Bennett and Giles Brassard, and there have been steady advances in engineering since then. I describe basically how it all works in Applied Cryptography, 2nd Edition (pages 554-557). At least one company already sells quantum-key distribution products. Note that this is totally separate from quantum computing, which also has implications for cryptography. Several groups are working on designing and building a quantum computer, which is fundamentally different from a classical computer. If one were built ? and we're talking science fiction here ? then it could factor numbers and solve discrete-logarithm problems very quickly. In other words, it could break all of our commonly used public-key algorithms. For symmetric cryptography it's not that dire: A quantum computer would effectively halve the key length, so that a 256-bit key would be only as secure as a 128-bit key today. Pretty serious stuff, but years away from being practical. I think the best quantum computer today can factor the number 15. While I like the science of quantum cryptography ? my undergraduate degree was in physics ? I don't see any commercial value in it. I don't believe it solves any security problem that needs solving. I don't believe that it's worth paying for, and I can't imagine anyone but a few technophiles buying and deploying it. Systems that use it don't magically become unbreakable, because the quantum part doesn't address the weak points of the system. Security is a chain; it's as strong as the weakest link. Mathematical cryptography, as bad as it sometimes is, is the strongest link in most security chains. Our symmetric and public-key algorithms are pretty good, even though they're not based on much rigorous mathematical theory. The real problems are elsewhere: computer security, network security, user interface and so on. Cryptography is the one area of security that we can get right. We already have good encryption algorithms, good authentication algorithms and good key-agreement protocols. Maybe quantum cryptography can make that link stronger, but why would anyone bother? There are far more serious security problems to worry about, and it makes much more sense to spend effort securing those. As I've often said, it's like defending yourself against an approaching attacker by putting a huge stake in the ground. It's useless to argue about whether the stake should be 50 feet tall or 100 feet tall, because either way, the attacker is going to go around it. Even quantum cryptography doesn't "solve" all of cryptography: The keys are exchanged with photons, but a conventional mathematical algorithm takes over for the actual encryption. I'm always in favor of security research, and I have enjoyed following the developments in quantum cryptography. But as a product, it has no future. It's not that quantum cryptography might be insecure; it's that cryptography is already sufficiently secure. --- Bruce Schneier is chief security technology officer of BT. His new book is Schneier on Security.
I want to start some biology-related undergraduate researc ...
Posted on Sat 4 Oct 2008. Follow the link for the full question & answer.
Parkmerced(SFSU)Private Department with 2bedrooms. 650permonth (ingleside / SFSU / CCSF) $650
Parkmerced(SFSU)Private Department with 2bedrooms. 650permonth About the place: ADDRESS: 405 Serrano Parkmerced.(about five minutes way to SFSU campus on foot) About the house: Hardwood floor.Rug. 2bedroom. 2cloakroom. 2bathroom.1living room.1kitchen. With kithch ware and furnitures. Main rent fee $650 About the roommates: I am the undergraduate student of SFSU(San Francisco State University), fresh man of Fall2008. I have an apartment with 2bedrooms. I am living with another boy in one of the bedrooms and I have had a girl living in another bedroom. I would like to have another girl to share the second bedroom with her. I have brought some frunitures. I do not smoke and I am not very perfect on cooking. Moreover, I am also willing to find a roommate who would like to live in the living room, because the living room is very wide and big. The price will be about $400 per month. And do not to pay the insurance and deposit. About me: My name is Chen, come from China. My Email address: chencheng_hai@126.com My QQ: 175832861 My MSN: M-jalir@hotmail.com Thanks.
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