Translation

Translation is an activity comprising the interpretation of the meaning of a text in one language — the source text — and the production of a new, equivalent text in another language — called the target text, or the translation.

References

• L?épreuve de l?étranger by Antoine Berman (1984). Excerpted in English in: The Translation Studies Reader edited by L. Venuti (2002, 2nd ed 2004).
• Nimrod's Sin: Treason and Translation in a Multilingual World edited by Norman Simms (1983).
• Über die verschiedenen Methoden des Übersetzens by Friedrich Schleiermacher (1813). Reprinted as On the Different Methods of Translating in: The Translation Studies Reader edited by L. Venuti (2002, 2nd ed 2004).
• Translation: agent of communication guest-edited by Marilyn Gaddis Rose (a special issue of Pacific Moana Quarterly, 5:1) (1980).
• Translation Review.
• The Translator's Invisibility by Lawrence Venuti (1994).
• Towards a Theory of Constraints in Translation by Ali Darwish (www.at-turjuman.com) (1999).