Titanium

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Notable characteristics

Titanium is well known for its excellent corrosion resistance (almost as resistant as platinum), being able to withstand attack by acids, moist chlorine gas, and by common salt solutions. Pure titanium is not soluble in water but is soluble in concentrated acids. A metallic element, it is also well-known for its high strength-to-weight ratio. It is a light, strong metal with low density (40% as dense as steel) that, when pure, is quite ductile (especially in an oxygen-free environment), easy to work, lustrous, and metallic-white in color. The relatively high melting point of this element makes it useful as a refractory metal. Titanium is as strong as steel, but 45% lighter; it is 60% heavier than aluminum, but twice as strong. These properties make titanium very resistant to the usual kinds of metal fatigue.

Related Topics:
Corrosion - Platinum - Acid - Chlorine - Salt - Soluble - Metallic - Element - Density - Steel - Ductile - Oxygen - Color - Melting point - Refractory metal - Aluminum - Metal fatigue

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This metal forms a passive but protective oxide coating (leading to corrosion-resistance) when exposed to elevated temperatures in air but at room temperatures it resists tarnishing. The metal, which burns when heated in air 610 °C or higher (forming titanium dioxide) is also one of the only elements that burn in pure nitrogen gas (it burns at 800 °C and forms titanium nitride). Titanium is resistant to dilute sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, along with chlorine gas, chloride solutions, and most organic acids. It is paramagnetic (weakly attracted to magnets) and has a very low electrical and thermal conductivity.

Related Topics:
Oxide - Tarnishing - Nitrogen - Titanium nitride - Sulfuric - Hydrochloric acid - Chlorine - Chloride - Organic acid - Paramagnetic - Magnet - Electrical - Thermal conductivity

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Experiments have shown that natural titanium becomes very radioactive after it is bombarded with deuterons, emitting mainly positrons and hard gamma rays. The metal is a dimorphic allotrope with the hexagonal alpha form changing into the cubic beta form very slowly at around 880 °C. When it is red hot the metal combines with oxygen, and when it reaches 550 °C it combines with chlorine. It also reacts with the other halogens and absorbs hydrogen.

Related Topics:
Radioactive - Deuteron - Positron - Gamma ray - Allotrope - °C - Chlorine - Halogen - Hydrogen

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