Titanium

dm2=γ | de2=0.07D, 0.08D | pn2= | ps2=- }}

Applications

Approximately 95% of titanium is consumed in the form of titanium dioxide (TiO2), an intensely white permanent pigment with good covering power in paints, paper, toothpaste, and plastics. Paints made with titanium dioxide are excellent reflectors of infrared radiation and are therefore used extensively by astronomers and in exterior paints. It is also used as a strengthening filler in paper, cement and in gemstones.

Related Topics:
Titanium dioxide - O - Pigment - Paint - Paper - Toothpaste - Plastics - Infrared radiation - Astronomer - Cement - Gemstone

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Because of its very high tensile strength (even at high temperatures), light weight, extraordinary corrosion resistance, and ability to withstand extreme temperatures, titanium alloys are principally used in aircraft, armor plating, naval ships, spacecraft and missiles. It is used in steel alloys to reduce grain size and as a deoxidizer but in stainless steel it is employed to reduce carbon content. Titanium is often alloyed with aluminium (to refine grain size), vanadium, copper (to harden), iron, manganese, molybdenum and with other metals.

Related Topics:
Tensile strength - Alloy - Aircraft - Armor plating - Naval - Spacecraft - Missile - Steel - Stainless steel - Carbon - Aluminium - Vanadium - Copper - Iron - Manganese - Molybdenum

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Its vanadium alloy is used to make the outer skin of aircraft, to make fire walls, landing gear, and hydraulic tubing. A typical commercial jet airplane contains 700 to 2500 lb (320 to 1130 kg) of titanium. Use of titanium in consumer products such as golf clubs, bicycles, laboratory equipment, wedding bands, and laptop computers is becoming more common.

Related Topics:
Landing gear - Golf clubs - Bicycle - Laboratory equipment - Wedding band - Laptop computer

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Other uses:

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

• Due to excellent resistance to sea water, it is used to make propeller shafts and rigging and in the heat exchangers of desalination plants and in heater-chillers for salt water aquariums.
• Owing to its high stiffness it is favored in place of steel in high performance model sailplane wing join rods.
• It is used to produce relatively soft artificial gemstones.
• Titanium tetrachloride (TiCl₄), a colorless liquid, is used to iridize glass and because it fumes strongly in moist air it is also used to make smoke screens and in skywriting.
• In addition to being a very important pigment, titanium dioxide is also used in sunscreens due to its ability to protect skin by itself.
• Because it is considered to be physiologically inert, the metal is used in joint replacement implants such as hip ball and sockets and to make medical equipment and in pipe/tank lining in food processing.
• Its inertness and ability to be attractively colored makes it a popular metal for use in body piercing.
• Titanium has the unusual ability to osseointegrate, enabling use in dental implants. This ability is also exploited by some orthopedic implants.
• Titanium alloys are also used in spectacle frames. This results in a rather expensive, but highly durable and long lasting frame. Both traditional alloys and shape memory alloys find use in this application.

Titanium has occasionally been used in construction: the 150-foot (45 m) memorial to Yuri Gagarin, the first man to travel in space, in Moscow, is made of titanium for the metal's attractive color and association with rocketry. The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao and the Cerritos Library were the first buildings, respectively, in Europe and North America to be sheathed in titanium panels.

Related Topics:
Yuri Gagarin - Moscow - Guggenheim Museum Bilbao - Cerritos

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~