Striatum

The striatum is a subcortical part of the brain consisting of the caudate nucleus and the putamen. It is part of the basal ganglia. The striatum is best known for its role in the planning and modulation of movement pathways but is also involved in a variety of other cognitive processes involving executive function.

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The striatum consists mainly of GABAergic medium spiny neurons, but medium aspiny neurons and large aspiny neurons can also be found along with cholinergic interneurons.

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In humans the striatum is activated in the presence of stimuli associated with reward, but also in the presence of aversive, novel, unexpected or intense stimuli, and cues associated with such events. Recent fMRI evidence suggests that the common property linking these stimuli, to which the striatum is reacting, is saliency under the conditions of presentation. A number of other brain areas and circuits are also related to reward, including the nucleus accumbens and other frontal areas.

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The striatum connects to the substantia nigra via the nigrostriatal pathway.

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Brain: :For other articles about other subjects named brain see brain (disambiguation). For information about the human brain in specific, please see its article....

Caudate nucleus: The caudate nucleus is a telencephalic nucleus, one of the input nuclei of the basal ganglia; involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain....

Putamen: The putamen is a structure in the middle of the brain, forming the striatum together with the caudate nucleus. Its abbreviation is "Pu"....