Sternum

Sternum or breastbone is a long, flat bone located in the center of the thorax (chest). It connects to the rib bones via cartilage, forming the rib cage with them, and thus helps to protect the lungs and heart from physical trauma.

Xiphoid Process

('processus xiphoideus; ensiform or xiphoid appendix')

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The xiphoid process is the smallest of the three pieces: it is thin and elongated, cartilaginous in structure in youth, but more or less ossified at its upper part in the adult.

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The xiphoid process is an important landmark. Its articulation with the sternum at the xiphisternal joint gives an approximation of the inferior border of the thoracic cavity's projection onto the anterior body wall. The xiphoid process is at the approximate level of the upper border of the liver and the inferior border of the heart in the midline of the body.

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