Sodium bicarbonate

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Properties

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General

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Name

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Sodium bicarbonate

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Chemical formula

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NaHCO3

Related Topics:
Na - HCO₃

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Appearance

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White solid

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Physical

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Formula weight

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84.0 amu

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Melting point

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270°C

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(gradually decomposes above 60 °C)

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Density

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2.2 ×103 kg/m3

Related Topics:
Kg - M

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Crystal structure

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?

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Solubility

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10.3 g in 100g water

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Thermochemistry

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ΔfH0solid

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-951 kJ/mol

Related Topics:
KJ - Mol

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S0solid

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102 J/mol·K

Related Topics:
J - Mol - K

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Safety

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Ingestion

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Safe except in very large quantities.

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Inhalation

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May cause irritation.

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Skin

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May cause irritation.

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Eyes

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May cause pain and redness

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More info

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Hazardous Chemical Database

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SI units were used where possible. Unless otherwise stated, standard conditions were used.

Related Topics:
SI - Standard

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Disclaimer and references

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Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), or sodium hydrogen carbonate, also known as baking soda and bicarbonate of soda, is a soluble white anhydrous or crystalline compound, with a slight alkaline taste resembling that of sodium carbonate. It is found in many mineral springs and also produced artificially.

Related Topics:
Na - HCO₃ - Anhydrous - Crystal - Sodium carbonate

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It is also used as an antacid to treat acid indigestion and heartburn. The anhydrous form is also used to absorb moisture and odours; a box can be left in the refrigerator for this purpose. Additionally, a paste from baking soda can be very effective when used in cleaning and scrubbing. Used in toothpaste, baking soda helps to gently remove stains, whiten teeth, and freshen breath.

Related Topics:
Antacid - Acid indigestion - Heartburn

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Sodium bicarbonate, when exposed to an acid, releases carbon dioxide and water:

Related Topics:
Acid - Carbon dioxide - Water

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• NaHCO₃ + HCl → NaCl + H₂O + CO₂ (gas)
• NaHCO₃ + CH₃COOH → CH₃COONa + H₂O + CO₂ (gas)

Above 60 °C, it gradually decomposes into sodium carbonate, water and carbon dioxide:

Related Topics:
C - Sodium carbonate - Water - Carbon dioxide

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• 2 NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂

It is used in combination with acidic compounds as a leavening agent in baking: some forms of baking powder contain sodium bicarbonate. Formerly, it was used as a source of carbon dioxide for soda water.

Related Topics:
Leavening agent - Baking powder - Soda water

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Sodium bicarbonate: Safety ►