Sarmatians

Sarmatians, Sarmatae or Sauromatae (the second form is mostly used by the earlier Greek writers, the other by the later Greeks and the Romans) were a people whom Herodotus (4.21-117) in the 5th century BC put on the eastern boundary of Scythia beyond the Tanais (Don). They were Iranian people akin to the Scythians (Saka).

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Herodotus reports a tale of the origin of the Sauromatae, as the descendants of a band of young Scythian men and a group of Amazons, in this way explaining what would have been their N.-East Iranian language ? as an impure form of Scythian ? and the unusual freedoms of Sauromatae women, including participation in warfare ? as an inheritance from their Amazon ancestors. Later writers call some of them the "woman-ruled Sarmatae". Hippocrates (De Aere, etc., 24) classes them as Scythian.

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Herodotus: Herodotus of Halicarnassus (Greek: ΗΡΟΔΟΤΟΣ, Herodotos) was an ancient historian who lived in the 5th century BC (484 BC-ca. 425 BC). He is famous for his writings on the conflict between Greece and Persia, as well as the descriptions he wrote of diffe...