Romance languages

The Romance languages, also called Romanic languages or New Latin languages, are a subset of the Italic languages, specifically the descendants of the Latin dialects spoken by the common people in what is known as Latin Europe (Italian/Portuguese/Spanish/Catalan Europa latina, French Europe latine, Romanian Europa latină) as Vulgar Latin later evolved in different areas after the break-up of the Roman Empire.

Listing

Here is a more detailed listing of languages and dialects (roughly ordered from west to east):

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• Iberian Romance languages
• Portuguese-Galician
• Portuguese language
• European Portuguese
• Brazilian Portuguese
• African Portuguese
• Angolan Portuguese
• Capeverdean Portuguese
• Guinean Portuguese
• Mozambican Portuguese
• São Tomean Portuguese
• Judeo-Portuguese
• Galician
• Eonaviegan (a Galician dialect with some traits of Asturian)
• Fala language (spoken in a a valley of the northwestern part of Extremadura in Spain)
• Astur-Leonese
• Leonese
• Asturian (the variant with more vitality)
• Mirandese (spoken in a tiny corner of Portugal — very archaic)
• Extremaduran (the south variant, more castilian like)
• Spanish (Castilian)
• Ladino (Judæo-Spanish)
• Aragonese
• Mozarabic variants (extinct by the 15th century)
• Catalan
• Western Catalan
• North-Western Catalan
• Ribagorçan (transitional to Aragonese)
• Valencian
• Eastern Catalan
• Central Catalan (includes Barcelona dialect)
• Northern Catalan (Roussillonese)
• Balearic
• Alguerese
• Occitan or langue d'oc
• Gascon
• Aranese
• Lemosin
• Auvernhat
• Aupenc
• Lengadocian
• Provençal
• Niçard
• Francoprovençal
• langues d'oïl
• French
• Picard language
• Walloon language
• Norman language
• Jèrriais
• Dgèrnésiais
• Anglo-Norman language (extinct)
• Gallo language
• Franc-Comtois
• Champenois
• Poitevin-Saintongeais
• Bourguignon-Morvandiau
• Lorrain
• Rhaetian languages
• Friulian
• Ladin
• Romansh
• Italian
• Gallo-Italian languages
• Piemontese
• Ligurian
• Monegasque
• Lombard
• Emilio-Romagnolo
• Venetian
• Napoletano-Calabrese
• Sicilian
• Corsican (closely related to Tuscan dialects, with Ligurian elements)
• Sardinian
• Campidanese
• Logudorese
• Gallurese
• Sassarese (transitional to Corsican)
• Dalmatian (extinct)
• Istriot
• Eastern Romance languages
• Romanian (also named Moldovan in Moldova)
• Aromanian
• Meglenitic
• Istro-Romanian (these latter three are sometimes regarded as dialects of the Romanian language).

Ethnologue classification

The classification below is largely based on the analysis provided at ethnologue.com. The ISO-639-2 code roa is applied by the ISO for any Romance language that does not have its own code. The Ethnologue classification (produced by the SIL International) is at one extreme of linguists, who divide into 'splitters' and 'lumpers'. Ethnologue produce a very detailed classification, which is more precise than many other linguists would accept, but it is valuable as a description of varieties.

Related Topics:
ISO-639-2 - SIL International

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The Southern group

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• Sardinian Four versions recognized; all are included in ISO 639-1 code, sc; ISO 639-2 code, srd)
• Sardinian, Sassarese - (SIL code, SDC)
• Sardinian, Gallurese - (SIL Code, SDN)
• Sardinian, Logudorese - (SIL Code, SRD)
• Sardinian, Campidanese - (SIL Code, SRO)
• Corsican - (SIL Code, COI; ISO 639-1 code, co; ISO 639-2 code, cos)

The Italo-Western group

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The Western sub-group

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. .Gallo-Iberian division

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. . .Ibero-Romance sub-division

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. . . .West Iberian section

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• Asturo-Leonese
• Asturian - (SIL Code, AUB; ISO 639-2 code, ast)
• Mirandese - (SIL Code, MWL; ISO 639-2 code, roa)
• Castilian
• Spanish - (SIL Code, SPN; ISO 639-1 code, es; ISO 639-2 code, spa)
• Spanish, Loreto-Ucayali - (SIL Code, SPQ; ISO 639-2 code, roa)
• Ladino (Judæo-Spanish) - (SIL Code, SPJ; ISO 639-2 code, lad)
• Extremaduran - (SIL Code, EXT; ISO 639-2 code, roa)
• Caló - (SIL Code, RMR; ISO 639-2 code, roa)
• Portuguese-Galician
• Portuguese - (SIL Code, POR; ISO 639-1 code, pt; ISO 639-2 code, por)
• Galician - (SIL Code, GLN; ISO 639-1 code, gl; ISO 639-2 code, glg)
• Fala - (SIL Code, FAX; ISO 639-2 code, roa)

. . . .East Iberian section

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• Catalan-Valencian-Balear - (SIL Code, CLN; ISO 639-1 code, ca; ISO 639-2 code, cat)

. . . .Oc section

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• Occitan (langue d'oc) - Six versions recognized; all are included in ISO 639-1 code, oc; ISO 639-2 code, oci) - all are from France
• Auvergnat - (SIL Code, AUV)
• Gascon - (SIL Code, GSC)
• Limousin - (SIL Code, LMS)
• Languedocien - (SIL Code, LNC)
• Provençal - (SIL Code, PRV)
• Shuadit - (SIL Code, SDT)

. . .Gallo-Romance sub-division

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. . . .Gallo-Rhaetian section

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• Rhaetian
• Friulian - (SIL Code, FRL; ISO 639-2 code, fur)
• Ladin - (SIL Code, LLD; ISO 639-2 code, roa)
• Romansh - (SIL Code, RHE; ISO 639-1 code, rm; ISO 639-2 code, roh)
• Langues d'Oïl
• French (langue d'oïl)
• Standard French - (SIL Code, FRN; ISO 639-1 code, fr; ISO 639-2(B) code, fre; ISO 639-2(T) code, fra)
• Cajun French - (SIL Code, FRC; ISO 639-2 code, roa)
• Picard - (SIL Code, PCD; ISO 639-2 code, roa)
• Zarphatic - (SIL Code, ZRP; ISO 639-2 code, roa) - extinct
• Franco-Provençal - (SIL Code, FRA; ISO 639-2 code, roa)

. . . .Gallo-Italian section

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• Emilio-Romagnolo - (SIL Code, EML; ISO 639-2 code, roa)
• Ligurian - (SIL Code, LIJ; ISO 639-2 code, roa)
• Lombard - (SIL Code, LMO; ISO 639-2 code, roa)
• Piemontese - (SIL Code, PMS; ISO 639-2 code, roa)
• Venetian - (SIL Code, VEC; ISO 639-2 code, roa)

. .Pyrenean-Mozarabic division

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• Pyrenean
• Aragonese - (SIL Code, AXX; ISO 639-1 code, an;ISO 639-2 code, arg)
• Mozarabic
• Mozarabic - (SIL Code, MXI; ISO 639-2 code, roa) - Extinct for common speech

The Italo-Dalmatian sub-group

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• Italian - (SIL Code, ITN; ISO 639-1 code, it; ISO 639-2 code, ita)
• Napoletano-Calabrese - (SIL Code, NPL; ISO 639-2 code, roa)
• Sicilian - (SIL Code, SCN; ISO 639-2 code, scn)
• Judeo-Italian - (SIL Code, ITK; ISO 639-2 code, roa)
• Dalmatian - (SIL Code, DLM; ISO 639-2 code, roa) - extinct in 19th century.
• Istriot - (SIL Code, IST; ISO 639-2 code, roa)

The Eastern group

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• Romanian - (SIL Code, RUM; ISO 639-1 code, ro; ISO 639-2(B) code, rum; ISO 639-2(T) code, ron) - Includes Daco-Romanian.
• :Also as Moldovan - (ISO 639-1 code, mo; ISO 639-2 code, mol)
• Macedo Romanian - (SIL Code, RUP; ISO 639-2 code, rup) - known by native speakers as Aromanian
• Megleno Romanian - (SIL Code, RUQ; ISO 639-2 code, roa) - also known as Moglenitic or Meglenitic
• Istro Romanian - (SIL Code, RUO; ISO 639-2 code, roa)