Right of abode

The right of abode refers to an individual's freedom from immigration control in a particular country. A person who has the right of abode in a country does not need permission from the government to enter the country and can live and work there without restriction.

De-Facto Right of Abode

The immigration laws of some countries give a de-facto right of abode to citizens of other specified countries.

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Full Permanent Resident

This includes cases where there is access to citizenship:

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• New Zealand grants Australian citizens full permanent resident rights in New Zealand
• The United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland grant automatic permanent residency to each other's citizens
• Full permanent residency rights exist between the countries of the Nordic Council (Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark and Iceland)

As Long Term Temporary Residents

In these cases there is a right of residence, but without access to full citizenship rights:

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• New Zealand citizens in Australia. Since 2001 Australia only grants limited rights. Details
• Citizens of EEA member states and Switzerland living in each other's country (except the cases above)