Retina

The retina is a thin layer of cells at the back of the eyeball of vertebrates and some cephalopods; it is the part of the eye which converts light into nervous signals.

Diseases and disorders

• Retinitis pigmentosa is a genetic disease that affects the retina and causes the loss of peripheral vision.
• Macular degeneration describes a group of diseases characterized by loss of central vision because of death or impairment of the cells in the macula.
• In retinal separation, the retina detaches from the back of the eyeball. Ignipuncture is an outdated treatment method.
• Both hypertension and diabetes mellitus can cause damage to the tiny blood vessels that supply the retina, leading to hypertensive retinopathy and diabetic retinopathy.
• Retinoblastoma is a cancer of the retina.