Rand


 

The RAND Corporation is an American think tank first formed to offer research and analysis to the U.S. military. The organization has since expanded to working with other governments and commercial organizations. RAND has around 1600 employees based at six sites: Santa Monica (California), Arlington (Virginia), Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania), and in Europe: Leiden (The Netherlands), Berlin (Germany) and Cambridge (United Kingdom). Some consider the corporation's name to be a contraction of the phrase "Research ANd Development". (Gen. Curtis LeMay quipped that RAND meant "Research And No Development".)

Related Topics:
American - Think tank - U.S. military - Government - Commercial - Santa Monica - California - Arlington - Virginia - Pittsburgh - Pennsylvania - Leiden - Netherlands - Berlin - Germany - Cambridge - United Kingdom - Corporation - ''R''esearch ''AN''d ''D''evelopment - Curtis LeMay

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~ Table of Content ~

Introduction
Project RAND
Mission Statement
Achievements and Expertise
Notable RAND participants
See also
External links

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Walking distance to shopping, family oriented 3 br 2 ba quiet house (berkeley) $850 3bd

$850 per month - $300 security deposit needed.This 3 bedroom, 2 bath home has tile throughout the living, dining, kitchen area and new carpet in the bedrooms. The living area has a sliding glass door which opens onto a lovely, raised, tree-covered deck. Perfect for entertaining! Much of the house was remodeled in 1995 and the air conditioning system was totally replaced in 2004. This is a quiet, safe, family-oriented neighborhood in walking distance to shopping! Owner is willing to work with poor credit.Available ASAP. Plunging his fists into the molten heart of Shou-Lao the Undying gave Rand the power of the Iron Fist allowing him to focus his chi and enhance his natural abilities to extraordinary levels His strength speed reflexes and senses can all be intensified making his already formidable martial arts skills even more so The ultimate expression of this focus is the ability to concentrate his body's natural energies into his hand manifesting as a supernatural glow around his clenched fist makingimproving leadership skills and enhancing self-confidence and team spirit Development programmes aim at raising younger generation's awareness on environmental conservation and community work both locally inare used to protect consumers from confusion as to the source of a manufactured object In order to get trademark protection the trademark owner must show that the mark is not likely to be confused with other trademarks for items in the same general class The trademarks can last indefinitely as long as they are used in commerceA typical United States Design patent application will include a transmittal a specification drawings and a declaration

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S Africans deny Portsmouth link

South African company Central Rand Gold deny reports they want to buy Portsmouth.

Nov. 4, 1952: Univac Gets Election Right, But CBS Balks

1952: Television makes its first foray into predicting a presidential election based on computer analysis of early returns. The Univac computer makes an incredibly accurate projection that the network doesn't think credible. The Univac, or Universal Automatic Computer, was the next-gen version of the pioneering Eniac built by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly at the University of Pennsylvania in the 1940s. Remington Rand bought the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corp. in 1950 and sold the first Univac to the U.S. Census Bureau in 1951. The eight-ton, walk-in computer was the size of a one-car garage and accessed by hinged metal doors. Univacs cost about $1 million apiece, the equivalent of more than $8 million in today's money. The computer had thousands of vacuum tubes, which processed a then-astounding 10,000 operations per second (compared to 5 billion per second for today's superfast chips). Remington Rand (now Unisys) approached CBS News in the summer of 1952 with the idea of using Univac to project the election returns. News chief Sig Mickelson and anchor Walter Cronkite were skeptical, but thought it might speed up the analysis somewhat and at least be entertaining to use an "electronic brain." Eckert and John Mauchly enlisted their former Penn colleague, mathematician Max Woodbury, to assist. Mauchly and Woodbury gathered data and wrote a program that would compare the 1952 returns to previous elections and figure which way the wind was blowing. The duo worked at Mauchly's home because he'd been blacklisted as pro-Communist and wasn't allowed to work at the company anymore. The Univac in Philadelphia was connected to a teletype machine at the CBS studios in New York City. As the first precincts reported on election night, technicians used Unityper machines to encode the data onto paper tape to feed into Univac. Pre-election polls had predicted anything from a Democratic landslide to a tight race with the Demo candidate, Illinois Gov. Adlai Stevenson, slightly ahead of the Republican, five-star Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in Europe in World War II. So it was a surprise at 8:30 p.m. Eastern time when Univac predicted Eisenhower would pile up 438 electoral votes to Stevenson's 93. The odds of Eisenhower garnering at least 266 electoral votes — the minimum needed to win — were 100-1. In New York, news boss Mickelson scoffed at putting the improbable prediction on air. In Philadelphia, Woodbury added new data to the mix. At 9 p.m. correspondent Charles Collingwood announced to the audience that Univac was predicting 8-7 odds for an Eisenhower win. But wait! Back in Philly, Woodbury discovered that he'd mistakenly added a zero to Stevenson's totals from New York state. When he entered the correct data and ran it through Univac, he got the same prediction as before: Ike 438, Adlai 93, again with 100-1 chances of an Eisenhower victory. As the evening wore on, an Eisenhower landslide gathered momentum. The final vote was 442 to 89. Univac was less than 1 percent off. Late at night, Collingwood made an embarrassing confession to millions of viewers: Univac had made an accurate prediction hours before, but CBS hadn't aired it. The public was now sold on this computer stuff. By the 1956 presidential election, all three networks (yes, there were just three) were using computer analysis of the results. It was here to stay. Source: CNN, USA Today

Understanding Terrorist Behavior

Two items, one short and one long. The short one: "A Look at Terrorist Behavior: How They Prepare, Where They Strike," by Brent Smith, National Institute of Justice Journal, No. 260, 2008. The long one: How Terrorist Groups End: Lessons for Countering al Qa'ida, by Seth G. Jones and Martin C. Libicki, RAND Corporation, 2008....

Ken Hollings: Welcome To Mars radio series

Several weeks ago, I posted about a fantastic radio documentary on the RAND Corporation by my friend Ken Hollings, a UK journalist and chronicler of outré culture. Two years ago, Ken presented a radio series called Welcome To Mars, his reflections on the "fantasy of science in the early years of the American Century." In this unscripted, engaging, and mind-bending series Ken connects the dots between nuclear war, LSD, flying saucers, the occult, weird science, B movies, and the birth of the space age. Ken's words are supported by an incredible outer space score prdocued by Simon James. I can't recommend it highly enough. Hollings' book based on the radio series, Welcome To Mars: Fantasies of Science In The American Century 1947-1959, will be published in the UK later this month by Strange Attractor Press. Welcome To Mars podcast Previously on BB: ? Radio documentary on RAND Corporation...

Sept. 24, 1993: Beautiful 'Myst' Ushers In Era of CD-ROM Gaming

1993: Broderbund Software releases Myst, a game for the Macintosh computer that becomes a record-setting best-seller and the killer app that sparks sales of CD-ROM drives. Brothers Rand and Robyn Miller founded a software-development business called Cyan Worlds in 1987, and they started making history. The pair partnered in 1989 with game-publisher Activision to create a CD-ROM version of Cyan's first game, The Manhole, which was the first entertainment product released in the fledgling format. More CD-ROM games followed, including follow-ups from Cyan, but few consumers bought expensive CD drives for their home computers, because there were no truly compelling applications -- that is, until Broderbund published Cyan's Myst in 1993. Myst's dreamlike world and simple gameplay appealed to what we would now call "casual gamers." Its graphics were so polished and its world so entrancingly designed that it hooked a wide audience. Copies flew off the shelves. But perhaps more important, CD-ROM drives flew off shelves. To play Myst, you needed the hardware. The underlying technology of the new game wasn't that different from Manhole's -- both were programmed using HyperCard, a free Mac application that gave amateur programmers a user-friendly, visually oriented creation tool. What separated Myst from the pack was the game's beautiful, "pre-rendered" 3-D world. The mid-'90s were videogames' puberty, a strange and awkward time spent trapped between child and adult. Computers were able to render 3-D worlds, but the videogame consoles in people's homes couldn't come close. As a result, game designers often created 3-D worlds on their workstations, then took 2-D bitmap snapshots of the worlds and dropped them into their games as pre-rendered graphics. Nintendo would later use this technique to great effect in Donkey Kong Country for the Super Nintendo. As its box art signified, Myst dropped the player into a remote, deserted island with little in the way of prelude. The player's goal: Explore the island, find the fragments of story that explain the situation, and solve puzzles. Writing about the game in the early days of Wired magazine, Jon Carroll described the appeal of Myst's atmosphere: "The game is remarkable for its sense of control and mood; it is internally consistent in a subtle and layered way. There are interlocking themes: sound, water, gears, energy. The interface is transparent and minimal; it works like a glove.... Wired.com

Radio documentary on RAND Corporation

Last year, UK journalist and fringe explorer Ken Hollings produced a fascinating radio documentary on the history of the RAND Corporation, the prototypical think tank that began sixty years ago essentially as a research arm for the US military. RAND has counted an amazing array of big thinkers as affiliates over the last 60 years, including John von Neumann, Margaret Mead, Kenneth Arrow, and Paul Baran, who invented packet switching. In 1968, Baran and other researchers wanted to take their future forecasting methodologies out of the classified realm and so formed Institute for the Future, the non-profit thinktank where I'm fortunate enough to work as a researcher. Hollings's book, Welcome To Mars: Science and the American Century, 1947-1959, is forthcoming from Strange Attractor Press. RAND: All Your Tomorrows Today (speechification.com, thanks Mark Pilkington!)...

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