Ralph Ellison

Ralph Ellison (March 1, 1913http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=1420 – April 16, 1994) was an African American scholar and writer. He was born Ralph Waldo Ellison in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, named by his father after Ralph Waldo Emerson. Ellison was best known for his novel Invisible Man (ISBN 0679601392), which won the National Book Award in 1953. He also wrote Shadow and Act (1964), a collection of political, social and critical essays, and Going to the Territory (1986). Research by Lawrence Jackson, Ellison's biographer, has established that he was born a year earlier than had been previously thought.

Related Topics:
March 1 - 1913 - April 16 - 1994 - Scholar - Writer - Oklahoma City, Oklahoma - Ralph Waldo Emerson - Invisible Man - National Book Award - 1953 - 1964 - 1986

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In 1933 Ellison entered Tuskegee Institute on a scholarship to study music. He had hopes of writing a symphony. Due to financial difficulties, Ellison was forced to leave Tuskegee after 3 years. In 1936 Ellison moved to New York City where he met Richard Wright. Wright encouraged Ellison to pursue a career in writing rather than a career in music. From 1937 to 1944 Ellison had over twenty book reviews as well as short stories and articles published in magazines such as New Challenge and New Masses. During WWII Ellison joined the Merchant Marine, and in 1946 he married his wife, the former Fanny McConnell.

Related Topics:
Tuskegee Institute - Richard Wright - New Challenge - New Masses - WWII

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Invisible Man explores the theme of man?s search for his identity and place in society, as seen from the perspective of a black man in the New York City of the 1940?s. In contrast to his contemporaries such as Richard Wright and James Baldwin, Ellison created characters who are dispassionate, educated, articulate and self-aware. Through the protagonist, Ellison explores the contrasts between the Northern and Southern varieties of racism and their alienating effect. The narrator is "invisible" in a figurative sense, in that "people refuse to see" him, and also experiences a kind of dissociation. The groundbreaking novel, with its treatment of previously taboo issues such as incest and white America's distorted perceptions of black sexuality, won the National Book Award in 1953. Ellison has also been awarded theLangston Hughes Medal, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Rosenwald Grant, the Russwurm Award and the Chevalier de l?Ordre des Artes et Lettres.

Related Topics:
Richard Wright - James Baldwin - National Book Award - 1953 - Langston Hughes Medal - Presidential Medal of Freedom

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Ellison was also an accomplished sculptor, musician and photographer and college professor. He taught at Bard College, Rutgers, the University of Chicago, and New York University.

Related Topics:
Bard College - Rutgers - University of Chicago - New York University

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Ralph Ellison died of pancreatic cancer on April 16, 1994, and was buried in the Washington Heights neighborhood of New York City.

Related Topics:
Pancreatic cancer - April 16 - 1994 - Washington Heights - New York City

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Five years after his death, under the editorship of John Callahan, a professor at Lewis & Clark College and Ellison's literary executor, Ellison's second novel, Juneteenth (ISBN 0394464575), was published. It was a 368-page condensation of over 2000 pages written over a period of forty years.

Related Topics:
Lewis & Clark College - Literary executor - Juneteenth

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