Potassium sulfate

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Properties

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General

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Name

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Potassium sulfate

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Chemical formula

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K2SO4

Related Topics:
K₂ - SO₄

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Appearance

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White solid

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Physical

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Formula weight

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174.27 u

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Melting point

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1342 K (1069 °C)

Related Topics:
K - °C

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Boiling point

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1962 K (1689 °C)

Related Topics:
K - °C

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Density

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2.66 ×103 kg/m3

Related Topics:
Kg - M

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Crystal structure

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orthorhombic

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Solubility

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11.1 g in 100 g water at 20 °C

Related Topics:
G - °C

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Thermochemistry

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ΔfH0liquid

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? kJ/mol

Related Topics:
KJ - Mol

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ΔfH0solid

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? kJ/mol

Related Topics:
KJ - Mol

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S0solid

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? J/(mol·K)

Related Topics:
J - Mol - K

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Safety

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Ingestion

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Large amounts may cause gastrointestinal irritation. Very large amounts can cause potassium poisoning

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Inhalation

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May act as an irritant.

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Skin

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May act as a mild irritant.

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Eyes

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Acts as an irritant

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More info

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Hazardous Chemical Database

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SI units were used where possible. Unless otherwise stated, standard conditions were used.

Related Topics:
SI - Standard

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Disclaimer and references

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Potassium sulfate (K2SO4) (also known as potash of sulfur) is a white crystalline salt soluble in water. It is non-flammable.

Related Topics:
Soluble - Water

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The chemical is commonly used in fertilizers, providing both potassium and sulfur.

Related Topics:
Chemical - Fertilizer - Potassium - Sulfur

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Potassium sulfate is also a byproduct of the production of nitric acid.

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Potassium sulfate, K2SO4, a salt known early in the 14th century, and studied by Glauber, Boyle and Tachenius, was styled in the 17th century arcanuni or sal duplicatum, being regarded as a combination of an acid salt with an alkaline salt.

Related Topics:
Acid salt - Alkaline salt

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It was obtained as a by-product in many chemical reactions, and subsequently used to be extracted from kainite, one of the Stassfurt minerals, but the process has been abandoned because the salt can be produced cheaply enough from the chloride by decomposing it with sulfuric acid and calcining the residue. To purify the crude product it is dissolved in hot water and the solution filtered and allowed to cool, when the bulk of the dissolved salt crystallizes out with characteristic promptitule.

Related Topics:
Kainite - Stassfurt minerals - Sulfuric acid

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The very beautiful (anhydrous) crystals have the habit of a double six-sided pyramid, but really belong to the rhombic system. They are transparent, very hard and absolutely permanent in the air. They have a bitter, salty taste. The salt is soluble in water, but insoluble in caustic potash of sp. gr. 1.35, and in absolute alcohol. It fuses at 1078 °C. The crude salt is used occasionally in the manufacture of glass.

Related Topics:
Anhydrous - Caustic potash

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The acid sulfate or bisulfate, KHSO4, is readily produced by fusing thirteen parts of the powdered normal salt with eight parts of sulfuric acid. It forms rhombic pyramids, which melt at 197. It dissolves in three parts of water of 0°C. The solution behaves much as if its two congeners, K2SO4 and H2SO4, were present side by side of each other uncombined. An excess of alcohol, in fact, precipitates normal sulfate (with little bisulfate) and free acid remains in solution.

Related Topics:
Salt - Sulfuric acid - Rhombic pyramids - Congener

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Similar is the behavior of the fused dry salt at a dull red heat; it acts on silicates, titanates, etc., as if it were sulfuric acid raised beyond its natural boiling point. Hence its frequent application in analysis as a disintegrating agent. For the salts of other sulfur acids, see sulfur.

Related Topics:
Silicates - Titanates - Sulfuric acid - Sulfur

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