Porosity

Used in geology, building science and hydrogeology, the porosity of a rock or sediment is the proportion of the non-solid volume to the total volume of material, and is defined by the ratio:

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:phi = rac{V_p}{V_m}

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where Vp is the non-solid volume (pores and liquid) and Vm is the total volume of material, including the solid and non-solid parts. Both phi and n are used to denote porosity.

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Porosity is a fraction between 0 and 1, typically ranging from less than 0.01 for solid granite to more than 0.5 for peat and clay, although it may also be represented in percent terms by multiplying the fraction by 100%.

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The porosity of a rock, or sedimentary layer, is an important consideration when attempting to evaluate the potential volume of hydrocarbons it may contain. Sedimentary porosities are a complex function of many factors, including but not limited to: rate of burial, depth of burial, the nature of the connate fluids, the nature of overlying sediments (which may impede fluid expulsion). One commonly used relationship between porosity and depth is given by the Athy (1930) equation:

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: phi(z) = phi_0 e^{-kz}

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where φ0 is the surface porosity, k is the compaction coefficient (m-1) and z is depth (m).

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A value for porosity can be calculated from the bulk density and particle density.

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Geology: Geology (from Greek γη- (ge-, "the earth") and λογος (logos, "word", "reason")) is the science and study of the Earth, its composition, structure, physical properties, history, and the processes that shape it. It is one of the Earth sciences....

Building science: Building science is the collection of scientific knowledge that focuses on the analysis and control of the physical phenomena affecting buildings. Traditionally includes the detailed analysis of building materials and building envelope systems....

Hydrogeology: Hydrogeology (hydro- meaning water, and -geology meaning the study of rocks) is the part of hydrology that deals with the distribution and movement of groundwater in the soil and rocks of the Earth's crust (commonly in aquifers). The term geohydrology is often used interchangeably. Some make the m...