Pharmacology

Pharmacology (in Greek: pharmacon (φάρμακον) is drug, and logos (λόγος) is science) is the study of how chemical substances interact with living systems. If these substances have medicinal properties, they are referred to as pharmaceuticals. The field encompasses drug composition, drug properties, interactions, toxicology, and desirable effects that can be used in therapy of diseases.

Types of medication

For the gastrointestinal tract or digestive system

• Upper digestive tract: antacids, reflux suppressants, antiflatulents, antidopaminergics, proton pump inhibitors, H2-receptor antagonists, cytoprotectants, prostaglandin analogues
• Lower digestive tract: laxatives, antispasmodics, antidiarrhoeals, bile acid sequestrants, opioids

For the cardiovascular system

• General: beta-receptor blocker, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, cardiac glycosides, antiarrhythmics, nitrate, antianginals, vasoconstrictor, vasodilator, peripheral activator
• Affecting Blood pressure: ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, alpha blocker
• Coagulation: anticoagulant, heparin, antiplatelet drug, fibrinolytic, anti-hemophilic factor, haemostatic drugs
• Atherosclerosis/cholesterol agents: hypolipidaemic agents, statins.

For the central nervous system

hypnotic, anaesthetics, antipsychotic, antidepressant (including tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, lithium salt, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor), anti-emetic, anticonvulsant and antiepileptic, anxiolytic, barbiturate, movement disorder drug, stimulant (including amphetamines), benzodiazepine, cyclopyrrolone, dopamine antagonist, antihistamine, cholinergic, anticholinergic, emetic, cannabinoids, 5-HT antagonist

Related Topics:
Hypnotic - Anaesthetics - Antipsychotic - Antidepressant - Tricyclic antidepressants - Monoamine oxidase inhibitor - Lithium salt - Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor - Anti-emetic - Anticonvulsant - Antiepileptic - Anxiolytic - Barbiturate - Movement disorder drug - Stimulant - Amphetamines - Benzodiazepine - Cyclopyrrolone - Dopamine antagonist - Antihistamine - Cholinergic - Anticholinergic - Emetic - Cannabinoids - 5-HT antagonist

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For pain & consciousness (Anaesthetic drugs)

analgesics (includes acetaminophen, NSAIDs and opioids), local anesthetics, general anaesthetics, sedatives, migraine treatment drug

Related Topics:
Analgesic - Acetaminophen - NSAID - Opioid - Local anesthetic - General anaesthetic - Sedative - Migraine treatment drug

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For musculo-skeletal disorders

NSAIDs (including COX-2 selective inhibitors), muscle relaxant, neuromuscular drug anticholinesterase

Related Topics:
NSAID - COX-2 selective inhibitor - Muscle relaxant - Neuromuscular drug - Anticholinesterase

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For the eye

• General: adrenergic neurone blocker, astringent, ocular lubricant
• Diagnostic: topical anesthetics, sympathomimetics, parasympatholytics, mydriatics, cycloplegics
• Anti-bacterial: antibiotics, topical antibiotics, sulfa drugs, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones
• Anti-viral:
• Anti-fungal: imidazoles, polyenes
• Anti-inflammatory: NSAIDs, corticosteroids
• Anti-allergy: mast cell inhibitors
• Anti-glaucoma: adrenergic agonists, beta-blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors/hyperosmotics, cholinergics, miotics, parasympathomimetics, prostaglandin agonists/prostaglandin inhibitors. nitroglycerin

For the ear, nose and oropharynx

sympathomimetic, antihistamine, anticholinergic, NSAIDs, steroid, antiseptic, local anesthetic, antifungal, cerumenolytic

Related Topics:
Sympathomimetic - Antihistamine - Anticholinergic - NSAID - Steroid - Antiseptic - Local anesthetic - Antifungal - Cerumenolytic

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For the respiratory system

bronchodilator, NSAIDs, anti-allergic, antitussive, mucolytic, decongestantcorticosteroid, beta-receptor antagonist, anticholinergic, steroid

Related Topics:
Bronchodilator - NSAID - Anti-allergic - Antitussive - Mucolytic - Decongestant - Corticosteroid - Beta-receptor antagonist - Anticholinergic - Steroid

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For endocrine problems

androgen, antiandrogen, gonadotropin, corticosteroid, growth hormone, insulin, antidiabetic (sulfonylurea, biguanide/metformin, thiazolidinedione, insulin), thyroid hormones, antithyroid drugs, calcitonin, diphosponate, vasopressin analogues

Related Topics:
Androgen - Antiandrogen - Gonadotropin - Corticosteroid - Growth hormone - Insulin - Antidiabetic - Sulfonylurea - Biguanide - Metformin - Thiazolidinedione - Thyroid hormone - Antithyroid drug - Calcitonin - Diphosponate - Vasopressin analogue

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For the reproductive system or urinary system

antifungal, alkalising agent, quinolones, antibiotic, cholinergic, anticholinergic, anticholinesterase, antispasmodic, 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, selective alpha-1 blocker, sildenafil

Related Topics:
Antifungal - Alkalising agent - Quinolones - Antibiotic - Cholinergic - Anticholinergic - Anticholinesterase - Antispasmodic - 5-alpha reductase inhibitor - Selective alpha-1 blocker - Sildenafil

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For contraception

contraceptive, oral contraceptives, spermicide, depot contraceptives

Related Topics:
Contraceptive - Oral contraceptives - Spermicide - Depot contraceptives

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For obstetrics and gynaecology

NSAIDs, anticholinergic, haemostatic drug, antifibrinolytic, Hormone Replacement Therapy, bone regulator, beta-receptor agonist, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, LHRH gamolenic acid, gonadotropin release inhibitor, progestogen, dopamine agonist, oestrogen, prostaglandin, gonadorelin, clomiphene, tamoxifen, Diethylstilbestrol

Related Topics:
NSAID - Anticholinergic - Haemostatic drug - Antifibrinolytic - Hormone Replacement Therapy - Bone regulator - Beta-receptor agonist - Follicle stimulating hormone - Luteinising hormone - LHRH - Gamolenic acid - Gonadotropin release inhibitor - Progestogen - Dopamine agonist - Oestrogen - Prostaglandin - Gonadorelin - Clomiphene - Tamoxifen - Diethylstilbestrol

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For the skin

emollient, anti-pruritic, antifungal, disinfectant, scabicide, pediculicide, tar products, vitamin A derivatives, vitamin D analogue, keratolytic, abrasive, systemic antibiotic, topical antibiotic, hormones, desloughing agent, exudate absorbent, fibrinolytic, proteolytic, sunscreen, antiperspirant

Related Topics:
Emollient - Anti-pruritic - Antifungal - Disinfectant - Scabicide - Pediculicide - Tar products - Vitamin A derivatives - Vitamin D analogue - Keratolytic - Abrasive - Systemic antibiotic - Topical antibiotic - Hormones - Desloughing agent - Exudate absorbent - Fibrinolytic - Proteolytic - Sunscreen - Antiperspirant

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For infections and infestations

antibiotic, antifungal, antileprotic, antituberculous drug, antimalarial, anthelmintic, amoebicide, antiviral, antiprotozoal, antiserum

Related Topics:
Antibiotic - Antifungal - Antileprotic - Antituberculous drug - Antimalarial - Anthelmintic - Amoebicide - Antiviral - Antiprotozoal - Antiserum

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For immunology

vaccine, immunoglobulin, immunosuppressant, interferon, monoclonal antibody

Related Topics:
Vaccine - Immunoglobulin - Immunosuppressant - Interferon - Monoclonal antibody

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For allergic disorders

anti-allergic, antihistamine, NSAIDs

Related Topics:
Anti-allergic - Antihistamine - NSAID

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For nutrition

tonic, iron preparation, electrolyte, parenteral nutritional supplement, vitamins, anti-obesity drug, anabolic drug, haematopoietic drug, food product drug

Related Topics:
Tonic - Iron preparation - Electrolyte - Parenteral nutritional supplement - Vitamin - Anti-obesity drug - Anabolic drug - Haematopoietic drug - Food product drug

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For neoplastic disorders

cytotoxic drug, sex hormones, aromatase inhibitor, somatostatin inhibitor, recombinant interleukins, G-CSF, erythropoietin

Related Topics:
Cytotoxic drug - Sex hormone - Aromatase inhibitor - Somatostatin inhibitor - Interleukin - G-CSF - Erythropoietin

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For diagnostics

contrast media

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For euthanasia

A euthanaticum is used for euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, see also barbiturates.

Related Topics:
Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide - Barbiturates

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