Pan Am Flight 103

Pan Am Flight 103, registered N739PA and named "Clipper Maid of the Seas", was blown up as it flew over Lockerbie, Scotland, on December 21, 1988, when 12 to 16 oz (340 to 450 g) of plastic explosive was detonated in its forward cargo hold, triggering a sequence of events that led to the rapid destruction of the aircraft. Winds of 100 knots (190 km/h) scattered passengers and debris along an 130 km (81 mile) corridor over an area of 845 square miles. Two hundred and seventy people from 21 countries died, including 11 people on the ground.

References

• Emerson, Steven, and Duffy, Brian. (1990) The Fall of Pan Am 103: Inside the Lockerbie Investigation, ISBN 0399135219
• Cox, Matthew, and Foster, Tom. (1992) Their Darkest Day: The Tragedy of Pan Am 103, ISBN 0802113826
• Johnstone, David. (1989) Lockerbie: The True Story
• Sheridan, Geraldine, and Kenning, Thomas. (1993) Survivors: Lockerbie, Pan Books, ISBN 0330328530
• Goddard, Donald, and Coleman, Lester. (1993) Trail of the Octopus, ISBN 0451181840
• Ashton, John, and Ferguson, Ian. (2001) Cover-up of Convenience: The Hidden Scandal of Lockerbie, ISBN 1840183896
• Brown, David A., "Investigators Expand Search for Debris From Bombed 747", Aviation Week and Space Technology, vol. 130, no. 25, pp 26-27, January 9 1989
• Shifrin, Carole A., "British Issue Report on Flight 103, Urge Study on Reducing Effects of Explosions", Aviation Week and Space Technology, vol. 133, no. 12, pp 128-129, September 7 1990
• The Scottish indictment against Megrahi and Fhimah, November 13, 1991, retrieved February 27 2005
• The U.S. indictment against Megrahi and Fhimah, November 13 1991, retrieved February 26 2005
• The Scottish judges, retrieved February 26 2005
• The verdict against Megrahi and Fhimah, issued January 31 2001, retrieved February 26 2005
• "No:2/90 — Boeing 747-121, N739PA, at Lockerbie, Dumfriesshire, Scotland", Air Accident Investigation Branch (AAIB) report, retrieved February 27 2005
• The position of the bomb, AAIB report, Appendix F (pdf), retrieved February 27 2005
• "Mach stem shock wave effects", AAIB report, Appendix G (pdf), retrieved February 27 2005
• Aviation Safety Network summary report, retrieved February 27 2005
• Graphic of how the aircraft was destroyed, Aviation Safety Network, retrieved February 27 2005
• The cost of the trial, retrieved February 26 2005
• The judgment in Megrahi's appeal, March 14 2002, retrieved February 26 2005
• United Nations Security Council Resolution 731 (1992), January 21 1992, retrieved February 26 2005
• United Nations Security Council Resolution 748 (1992), January 21 1992, retrieved February 26 2005
• United Nations Security Council Resolution 883 (1993), November 11 1993, retrieved February 26 2005
• In-depth pages on the trial, BBC News, retrieved February 26 2005
• "Lessons from Lockerbie, ten years later", BBC News, retrieved February 26 2005
• The Lockerbie Trial, retrieved February 26 2005
• Website about PA 103, no longer updated, formerly maintained by Safia Aoude, a Libyan law graduate living in Denmark, retrieved February 26 2005
• "Pan Am 103: Why Did They Die?", by Roy Rowan, Time Magazine, April 27, 1992, retrieved February 25 2005
• "Time Trail: Lockerbie", a collection of stories about the bombing from Time Magazine, retrieved February 25 2005
• Information about the MST-13 timers, written by MEBO, the Swiss manufacturers, August 19 1999, retrieved February 25 2005
• "Lockerbie appeal hears key witness", BBC News, February 13 2002, retrieved February 26 2005
• "Lockerbie bomber loses appeal", BBC News, March 14 2002, retrieved February 26 2005
• "Lockerbie bomber to fight jail move", by Lucy Adams, The Herald, February 25 2005, retrieved February 26 2005
• Website set up by supporters of Megrahi, not recently updated, retrieved February 27 2005
• Abu Nidal behind Lockerbie, says aide, CNN, August 23 2002, retrieved February 27 2005
• "Court told how jet's radar blip broke up at 7.02pm" by Ian Black and Gerard Seenan, May 4 2000, The Guardian, retrieved February 28 2005
• "Families see radar track of Flight 103's last moments", by Edith M. Lederer, Associated Press, October 2 1990, retrieved February 28 2005
• "Lockerbie, 10 years on: Reporter's reflections" by Andrew Cassel, BBC News, December 21 1998
• "Libya takes back its £500m fund for Lockerbie bereaved" by James Kirkup, The Scotsman, April 11 2005
• "Censored!!", an extract from Trail of the Octopus by Lester Coleman
• "Taking the blame" by Paul Foot, a review of Lester Coleman's book
• "On the trail of terror," by Brian Duffy, U.S. News & World Report, November 18, 1989
• "Flight 103," ABC News Prime Time Live, November 30, 1989
• "Lockerbie bomb bore 'Libyan signature'," by Leonard Doyle, The Independent, December 19, 1990
• "Unwitting Accomplices?", Barron's, December 17, 1989
• "Timer admission in Lockerbie trial" by Gerard Seenan, June 21, 2000
• Mr. Waldegrave, "House of Commons Hansard Debates" in The United Kingdom Parliament, 19 April 1990, retrieved 16 June 2005
• Thatcher, M. The Downing Street Years, 1993.
• Koechler, H., and Jason Subler (eds.), The Lockerbie Trial. Documents Related to the I.P.O. Observer Mission. Studies in International Relations, Vol. XXVII. Vienna: I.P.O., 2002, ISBN 3-900704-21-X.
• "Scottish Court in the Netherlands 2000-2002", Web site documenting the observer mission of Dr. Hans Koechler, appointed by UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan as international observer at the Lockerbie trial, regularly updated, retrieved 2005