Operations research

Operations research, operational research, or simply OR, is the use of mathematical models, statistics and algorithms to aid in decision-making. It is most often used to analyze complex real-world systems, typically with the goal of improving or optimizing performance. It is one form of applied mathematics.

Areas of application

A few examples of applications in which operations research is currently used include the following:

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• designing the layout of a factory for efficient flow of materials
• constructing a telecommunications network at low cost while still guaranteeing quality service if particular connections become very busy or get damaged
• determining the routes of school buses so that as few buses are needed as possible
• designing the layout of a computer chip to reduce manufacturing time (therefore reducing cost)
• managing the flow of raw materials and products in a supply chain based on uncertain demand for the finished products
• managing freight transportation and delivery systems (Examples: LTL Shipping, intermodal transport)
• scheduling:
• personnel staffing
• manufacturing steps
• project tasks
• network data traffic
• sports events and their television coverage