Nicholas II of Russia

Nicholas II of Russia ( 18 May 1868 – 17 July 1918){{fn|1}} was the last crowned Emperor of Russia. He ruled from 1894 until his forced abdication in 1917. It is said that Nicholas proved unequal to the combined tasks of managing a country in political turmoil and commanding its army in the largest international war to date. His rule ended with the Russian Revolution, during which he and his family were murdered by Bolsheviks, in 1918.

Further reading

• Robert K. Massie, Nicholas and Alexandra (1967)
• John Curtis Perry and Constantine Pleshakov, The Flight of the Romanovs (1999)
• Andrei Maylunas and Sergei Mironenko, A Lifelong Passion, Nicholas and Alexandra, Their Own Story (1996)
• Editor: A.Yarmolinsky, "The Memoirs of Count Witte" New York & Toronto (1921)
• Victor Alexandrov, "The End of The Romanovs"(contains the Sokolov Report), London (1966)
• Bernard Pares, "The Fall of the Russian Monarchy" London (1939), reprint London (1988)