New York Journal American

The New York Journal American was a newspaper published from 1895 – 1966. The paper had been the New York Morning Journal, and then the New York Journal, when it was purchased by William Randolph Hearst and renamed the New York Journal American. Later names were the New York American and Journal, the New York Evening Journal, the Evening journal and New York American and the New York American. It was at this newspaper that the phrase "Bulldog Edition" was coined: in 1905, Hearst urged his editors to write headlines that would "bite the public like a bulldog." Mr. Hearst, the priveleged and entitled son of a wealthy mining tycoon, was already established in the newspaper business in San Fransisco and ventured to New York to expand his empire.

Related Topics:
Newspaper - 1895 - 1966 - William Randolph Hearst - 1905 - Mining - Tycoon - San Fransisco - New York

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Having purchased the newspaper, Hearst entered into a circulation war with the New York World, the newspaper run by his former mentor Joseph Pulitzer and from whom he stole Richard F. Outcault. It was Outcault who brought the comic strip "The Yellow Kid" to the New York Journal. This was one of the first comic strips to be printed in colour and was to lend its name to the term yellow journalism, used to describe the sensationalist and often dishonest articles which helped, along with a price reduction to one cent, to greatly increase circulation of the newspaper. Many believed as part of this that Hearst initiated the Spanish-American War of 1898 to increase sales.

Related Topics:
New York World - Joseph Pulitzer - Richard F. Outcault - Comic strip - The Yellow Kid - Yellow journalism - Spanish-American War - 1898

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The newspaper ceased publishing in 1966, victim of a general decline in newspaper circulation.

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While participating in a lock-out after the New York Times and New York Daily News had been struck by a union, the Journal-American agreed to merge with its evening rival, the New York World-Telegram and Sun, and the morning New York Herald-Tribune. The combined New York World Journal Tribune folded after eight months.

Related Topics:
New York Times - New York Daily News - New York World-Telegram and Sun - New York Herald-Tribune - New York World Journal Tribune

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• Guide to an Archived Collection of the Journal-American