Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a non-contagious chronic disease of the brain and spinal cord characterized by a variety of neurologic symptoms caused by demyelination of neurons. Multiple sclerosis results from attack by a patient's own immune system on their central nervous system and is thus categorized as an autoimmune disease.
References
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- {{anb|McDonald}}McDonald WI; Compston A; Edan G; Goodkin D; Hartung HP; Lublin FD; McFarland HF; Paty DW; Polman CH; Reingold SC; Sandberg-Wollheim M; Sibley W; Thompson A; van den Noort S; Weinshenker BY; Wolinsky JS. Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2001 Jul;50(1):121-7 PMID: 11456302
- {{anb|Rudick}}Rudick, RA, Whitaker, JN. Cerebrospinal fluid tests for multiple sclerosis. In Scheinberg, P (Ed). Neurology/neurosurgery update series, Vol. 7, CPEC. Princeton, NJ 1987
- {{anb|Gronseth}} Gronseth GS; Ashman EJ. Practice parameter: the usefulness of evoked potentials in identifying clinically silent lesions in patients with suspected multiple sclerosis (an evidence-based review): Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2000 May 9;54(9):1720-5. PMID: 10802774
- {{anb|Lublin}} Lublin FD; Reingold SC. Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: results of an international survey. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Advisory Committee on Clinical Trials of New Agents in Multiple Sclerosis. Neurology 1996 Apr;46(4):907-11. PMID 8780061
- .{{anb|Jacobs}} Jacobs LD; Beck RW; Simon JH; Kinkel RP; Brownscheidle CM; Murray TJ; Simonian NA; Slasor PJ; Sandrock AW. Intramuscular interferon beta-1a therapy initiated during a first demyelinating event in multiple sclerosis. CHAMPS Study Group. N Engl J Med 2000 Sep 28;343(13):898-904. PMID 11006365
- {{anb|Comi}} Comi G; Filippi M; Barkhof F; Durelli L; Edan G; Fernandez O; Hartung H; Seeldrayers P; Sorensen PS; Rovaris M; Martinelli V; Hommes OR.Effect of early interferon treatment on conversion to definite multiple sclerosis: a randomised study. Lancet 2001 May 19;357(9268):1576-82. PMID 11377645
- Calabresi PA. Diagnosis and management of multiple sclerosis. Am Fam Physician. 2004 Nov 15;70(10):1935-44. full text. PMID 15571060.
- Dangond, F. Multiple sclerosis. eMedicine Neurology. Updated 2005 Apr 25. full text.
- eMedicine Consumer Health version updated 2005 Mar 1
- Langgartner M, Langgartner I, Drlicek M. The patient's journey: multiple sclerosis. BMJ. 2005 Apr 16;330(7496):885-8. full text. PMID 15831874.
- Lazoff M. Multiple sclerosis. eMedicine Emergency. updated 2004 Jul 21. full text Emergency medicine and prehospital care.
- {{Journal reference issue | Author=Munger KL, Zhang SM, O'Reilly E, Hernan MA, Olek MJ, Willett WC, Ascherio A | Title=Vitamin D intake and incidence of multiple sclerosis | Journal=Neurology | Volume=62 | Issue=Jan. 13 | Year=2004 | Pages=60-65}} PMID 14718698
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