Molecule

A molecule is the smallest particle of a pure chemical substance that still retains its chemical composition and properties. The science of molecules is called molecular chemistry or molecular physics, depending on the particular aspect of focus. Molecular chemistry is concerned with the laws governing the interaction between molecules that results in the formation and breakage of chemical bonds, while molecular physics is concerned with the laws governing their structure and properties. In practice, however, this distinction is rather vague.

Empirical formula

:see main article empirical formula

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The empirical formula of a molecule is the integer ratio of the elements that constitute the compound. For example, in their pure forms, water is always composed of a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen, and ethyl alcohol or ethanol is always composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 2:6:1 ratio. However, this does not determine the kind of molecule uniquely - dimethyl ether has the same ratio as ethanol, for instance. Molecules with the same atoms in different arrangements are called isomers.

Related Topics:
Integer - Ratio - Element - Water - Hydrogen - Oxygen - Alcohol - Ethanol - Carbon - Dimethyl ether - Molecules - Atom - Isomer

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