Membrane

A membrane is a thin, typically planar structure or material that separates two environments. Because it sits between environments or phases and has a finite volume, it can be referred to as an interphase rather than an interface. Membranes selectively control mass transport between the phases or environments.

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Biological membranes include:

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• plasma membrane and intracellular membranes
• mucous membrane
• S-layer

Artificial membranes are used in:

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• Reverse osmosis
• Filtration (Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration)
• Pervaporation
• Dialysis
• Electrodialysis
• Emulsion liquid membranes
• Membrane-based solvent extraction
• Membrane reactors
• Gas permeation
• supported liquid membranes