Lucknow

Lucknow is the capital city of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It had a population of 2,207,340 in 2001. It has a literacy rate of 68.63%. It is the second largest urban centre in Uttar Pradesh after Kanpur.

History

Lucknow's history begins with its elevation to a capital city under the Nawabs of Awadh. The architectural contributions of the Awadh rulers, many paintings of whom are maintained at the Art Gallery today, include numerous mosques and palaces. Of the monuments standing today, the Bara Imambara, the Chhota Imambara, and the Roomi Darwaza are notable examples, although neglect by the authorities has put them in danger of turning into ruins.

Related Topics:
Nawab - Awadh - Mosque - Palace - Imambara

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

The province of Awadh (anglicized to Oudh) was annexed by the British rulers of India in 1856. In the Indian Mutiny of 1857, the garrison based at the Residency in Lucknow was besieged by rebel forces. The famous Siege of Lucknow was relieved first by forces under the command of Sir Henry Havelock and Sir James Outram, followed by a stronger force under Sir Colin Campbell. Today the ruins of the Residency, and the picturesque Shaheed Smarak offer reminiscences of Lucknow's role in the Mutiny.

Related Topics:
Awadh - British - 1856 - Indian Mutiny - 1857 - Garrison - Besieged - Siege of Lucknow - Henry Havelock - James Outram - Colin Campbell

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Other architectural delights in Lucknow include the Vidhan Sabha (State Parliament) and the railway station at Charbagh with its yellow domes and pillars. One of the oldest schools in the world is also situated in Lucknow: La Martiniere, founded by the bequest of the immensely successful colonial entrepreneur Claude Martin (1735 - 1800). It is also interesting to note that during the uprising and the seige of the residency in 1857, it was the students of La Martiniere College that went ahead to defend the residency. For the valour that they displayed, La Martiniere College at Lucknow is the ONLY college in the world that has recieved battle honours of the British Empire.

Related Topics:
Railway station - Claude Martin - 1735 - 1800

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~