List of Portuguese monarchs

This is a List of Portuguese monarchs from the independence of Portugal from León in 1128-29 to the proclamation of the Republic in October 5 1910. Afonso Henriques proclaimed himself king in 1139. Ten years earlier he had proclaimed himself prince. His rule was recognized in 1143 by the Kingdom of Leon and in 1179 by the pope. The list includes the Houses of Burgundy (or Afonsine), Aviz, Philippine (or Habsburg) and Braganza.

House of Burgundy (also known as Afonsine House)

:Main article: The Consolidation of the Monarchy in Portugal

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The foundation of the House of Burgundy is a controversial subject. Some say it started in 1093 with the appointment of Henry of Burgundy as Count of Portugal. Though the House of Burgundy was founded, Portugal was only a county and so the House of Henry of Burgundy cannot be referred to as a Royal House.

Related Topics:
House of Burgundy - 1093 - Henry of Burgundy

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The next possible date is the death of Count Henry in 1112 and the succession to the throne of Afonso Henriques, as the second Count of Portugal under the regency of his mother and Henry?s wife, Theresa, who proclaimed herself Queen of Portugal.

Related Topics:
1112 - Afonso Henriques - Theresa

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In 1128, with the Battle of São Mamede and the end of the civil war, the power was transferred to Afonso Henriques as the sole ruler as Prince of Portugal. He proclaimed himself King of Portugal in 1129. The year of 1139 is commonly accepted as the date of the foundation of the first Portuguese royal house. With Afonso's victory in the Battle of Ourique he was acclaimed King of Portugal by his soldiers and the Portuguese people. In the same year he summoned the cortes (estates-general) at Lamego, where he was given the crown from the bishop of Bragança.

Related Topics:
1128 - Battle of São Mamede - 1129 - 1139 - Battle of Ourique - Lamego - Bragança

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The year of 1143 also stands as one of the most supported dates for the foundation of the House of Burgundy as a Portuguese royal house. In that year, Afonso I declared himself the direct liegeman of the Papacy and swore himself and the Kingdom servants of the Church. It was also in the same year that the Treaty of Zamora established peace between the rebel Portuguese and Castile and Leon with Alfonso VII of Castile recognizing Portugal as an independent kingdom. However, the Church did not recognize Portugal as an independent country with the right to conquer territories from the Moors until 1179 when Pope Alexander III acknowledged Afonso as king of Portugal, and some argue that that event marks the beginning of the first royal dynasty of Portugal.

Related Topics:
1143 - Papacy - Treaty of Zamora - Castile and Leon - Alfonso VII of Castile - Moors - 1179 - Pope Alexander III

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The House of Burgundy corresponds to two different periods of Portuguese History. One is the complex period of implementation of the monarchy and the process of conquest of southern Moorish lands that ends in 1272. The second period consists of the creation of structures necessary to a newborn Kingdom, such as international diplomacy, agriculture, population, commerce, education and culture.

Related Topics:
Portuguese History - 1272

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The House of Burgundy ended in 1383 with the death of Ferdinand I, who had no male heir. The heiress to the throne was Princess Beatrice, sole daughter of Ferdinand and the wife of John I of Castile. The possibility of loss of independence to Castile triggered a civil war and an Interregnum period know as the 1383-1385 Crisis.

Related Topics:
1383 - Ferdinand I - Princess Beatrice - John I of Castile - Interregnum - 1383-1385 Crisis

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