Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor

Leopold I Habsburg (June 9, 1640 – May 5, 1705), Holy Roman emperor, was the second son of the emperor Ferdinand III and his first wife Maria Anna, daughter of Philip III of Spain.

Early life

Intended for the Church, he received a good education but his prospects were changed by the death of his elder brother the German king Ferdinand IV, in July 1654, when he became his father's heir. In 1655 he was chosen king of Hungary and in 1656 king of Bohemia, and in July 1658, more than a year after his father's death, he was elected emperor at Frankfurt in spite of the intrigues of Cardinal Mazarin, who wished to place on the imperial throne Ferdinand Maria, elector of Bavaria, or some other prince whose elevation would break the Habsburg succession.

Related Topics:
German - Ferdinand IV - July - 1654 - 1655 - Hungary - 1656 - Bohemia - 1658 - Frankfurt - Cardinal Mazarin - Ferdinand Maria - Bavaria - Habsburg

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Mazarin, however, obtained a promise from the new emperor that he would not send assistance to Spain, then at war with France, and, by joining a confederation of German princes, called the league of the Rhine, France secured a certain influence in the internal affairs of Germany. Leopold's long reign covers one of the most important periods of European history; for nearly the whole of its forty-seven years he was pitted against Louis XIV of France, whose dominant personality completely overshadowed Leopold. The emperor was not himself a man of war, and never led his troops in person; yet the greater part of his public life was spent in arranging and directing wars. The first was with Sweden, whose king Charles X found a useful ally in the prince of Transylvania,György II Rákóczi, a rebellious vassal of the Hungarian crown.

Related Topics:
Spain - France - Rhine - Germany - European history - Louis XIV of France - Sweden - Charles X - Transylvania - György II Rákóczi - Hungarian

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