La Reunion (Dallas)

La Reunion was a communist community formed in 1855 by French, Belgian, and Swiss colonists approximately three miles west of the present Reunion Arena and Reunion Tower in downtown Dallas, and near the three forks of the Trinity River in Texas, USA. The community was led by the French philosopher Francois Marie Charles Fourier whose followers and associates established over 40 similar colonies in varies parts of the United States of America during the 1800s. The colony near present-day Dallas soon failed in 1860 the area was incorporated into the emerging city of Dallas.

Brief history

La Reunion intended to become a communist Utopian colony inspired by the writings of the French philosopher Francois Marie Charles Fourier who advocated communal production and distribution for communal profit. Unlike other communist systems, both men and women could vote and individuals could own private property.

Related Topics:
Utopian - Francois Marie Charles Fourier

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Founder of La Reunion

La Reunion was founded in Texas by Victor Considerant who had been member of the Fourier movement in Lyons, France who had been forced into exile after staging protests against the Roman expedition by Napoleon. After personally inspecting an area approximately three miles west of the present Reunion Arena and Reunion Tower in downtown Dallas, and near the three forks of the Trinity River in Texas, he returned to Europe where he formed a group of future settlers.

Related Topics:
Victor Considerant - Fourier movement - Lyons - France - Reunion Arena - Reunion Tower - Dallas - Trinity River - Texas

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Land purchase

Advance agent Francois Cantegral was sent ahead to purchase 2,000 acres (8 km²) at $7.00 per acre ($1700/km²) to establish the location of colony. Unfortunately it was not a good purchase for the purposes for which it was intended because it was not good farm land, although the would-be colonists were not farmers. Approximately 200 colonists arrived in Texas when their ship docked near present-day Houston. They then walked approximately 250 miles northwards with their possessions being hauled by ox carts to the site of their new colony and arrived on April 22, 1855.

Related Topics:
Francois Cantegral - Houston - April 22 - 1855

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Original population

The general area surrounding the three forks of the Trinity River was already populated by approximately 400 people who had settled there. The French colonists expanded this general population by fifty percent. Unlike the existing population, the new arrivals spoke a different language, believed in a different system of government and brought with them skills that the existing farmers did not possess. Unfortunately the watchmaking, weaving, brewing and storekeeping qualifications of the new colonists were ill-suited to the establishment of a colony, because they lacked the ability to provide food for themselves.

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Texas weather

Although the colonists did manage to grow wheat and vegetables the amount produced was not sufficient and it was not produced when it was most needed, although their biggest handicap was the uncooperative weather of Texas. In May of 1856 La Reunion was almost wiped out when the a blizzard destroyed its crops and turned the Trinity River into a sheet of ice. That summer the unforgiving Texas heat created created drought conditions and what was left of the crops became a feast for an invasion of grasshoppers.

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Decline of La Reunion

Although over 350 European colonists eventually made La Reunion their home, the experiment was already beginning to fail as its population began to leave. Some returned to Europe while others just moved out of the area. In 1860 the nearby emerging town of Dallas incorporated La Reunion into its own land area and absorbed the skills of the remaining colonists into its general population.

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