Kingdom of Hawaii

The Kingdom of Hawai‘i was established in 1810 upon the unification of the smaller independent chiefdoms of O‘ahu, Maui, Moloka‘i, Lāna‘i and the Big Island of Hawai‘i through swift and bloody battles, led by a warrior chief who later would be immortalized as Kamehameha the Great. Kamehameha failed to secure a victory in Kaua‘i, his effort hampered by a storm. Eventually, Kaua‘i's chief swore allegiance to Kamehameha's rule. The unification ended the feudal society of the Hawaiian islands transforming it into a "modern", independent constitutional monarchy crafted in the tradition of European empires.

References

• Lydia Lili‘uokalani Dominis, Hawai‘i's Story by Hawai‘i's Queen Lili‘uokalani, Mutual Publishing Co., 1994
• Michael Dougherty, To Steal a Kingdom: Probing Hawaiian History, Hawaiian Style Press, 1994
• Gerard Manley Hopkins, Hawai‘i: The Past, Present, and Future of Its Island Kingdom: An Historic Account of the Sandwich Islands of Polynesia, Kegan Paul International Ltd., 2003
• Ralph Simpsin Kuykendall, Hawai'i: A History, from Polynesian Kingdom to American State, Textbook Publishers, 2003
• Ralph Simpson Kuykendall, Hawaiian Kingdom: Foundation and Transformation, 1778-1854, Vol. 1, University of Hawai‘i Press, 1995
• Ralph Simpson Kuykendall, Hawaiian Kingdom: Twenty Critical Years, 1854-1874, Vol. 2, University of Hawai‘i Press, 1995
• Ralph Simpson Kuykendall, Hawaiian Kingdon Volume 3: 1874-1893, the Kalakaua Dynasty, University of Hawai‘i Press, 1995
• Aldyth Morris, Lili‘uokalani, University of Hawai‘i Press, 1995
• Juri Mykkanen, Inventing Politics: A New Political Anthropology of the Hawaiian Kingdom, University of Hawai‘i Press, 2003
• Niklaus R. Schweizer, His Hawaiian Excellency: The Overthrow of the Hawaiian Monarchy and the Annexation of Hawai‘i, Lang, Peter Publishing, Inc., 1994