Kennelly-Heaviside layer

The Kennelly-Heaviside layer, also known as the E region or just as the Heaviside layer, named after Oliver Heaviside, is a layer of ionised gas occurring at 90-150km in above the ground — one of several layers in the Earth's ionosphere. It reflects medium-frequency radio waves, and because of this reflection radio waves can be propagated beyond the horizon.

History

Its existence was predicted in 1902 independently and almost simultaneously by the American electrical engineer Arthur Edwin Kennelly (1861-1939) and the British physicist Oliver Heaviside (1850-1925). However, it was not until 1924 that its existence was detected by Edward V. Appleton.

Related Topics:
1902 - Arthur Edwin Kennelly - Oliver Heaviside - 1924 - Edward V. Appleton

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In 1899, Nikola Tesla, in his Colorado Springs experiments, transmitted extremely low frequencies between the earth and ionosphere, up to the Kennelly-Heaviside layer (Grotz, 1997). Tesla made mathematical calculations and computations based on his experiments. He predicted the resonant frequency of this area within 15% of modern accepted experimental value. (Corum, 1986) In the 1950s, researchers confirmed the resonant frequency was at the low range 6.8 Hz.

Related Topics:
1899 - Nikola Tesla - 1950s

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