July 1863

Wednesday 01:

American Civil War: the Battle of Gettysburg begins.

Thursday 02:

Second day of the Battle of Gettysburg.

Friday 03:

U.S. Civil War: The final and bloodiest day of the Battle of Gettysburg.

Saturday 04:

Vicksburg, Mississippi surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant after 47 days of seige.

Tuesday 07:

United States begins first military draft; exemptions cost $100

Monday 13:

New York Draft Riots: In New York City, opponents of conscription begin three days of rioting which will be later regarded as the worst in United States history.

Saturday 18:

American Civil War: The first formal African American military unit, the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, unsuccessfully assaults Confederate-held Fort Wagner but their valiant fighting still proves the worth of African American soldiers during the war.

Sunday 26:

At Salineville, Ohio, Confederate cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan and 360 of his volunteers are captured by Union forces.

Thursday 30:

Indian Wars: Chief Pocatello of the Shoshone tribe signs the Treaty of Box Elder, promising to stop harassing the emigrant trails in southern Idaho and northern Utah.