Julius Caesar

Gaius Julius Caesar (Classical Latin: IMP·C·IVLIVS·CAESAR·DIVVS¹) (b. July 13, ca. 100 BC; d. March 15, 44 BC) was a Roman military and political leader. He was instrumental in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. His conquest of Gallia Comata extended the Roman world all the way to the Atlantic Ocean, introducing Roman influence into what has become modern France, an accomplishment of which direct consequences are visible to this day. In 55 BC Caesar launched the first Roman invasion of Britain.

Chronology

• July 13 100 BC – Birth in Rome; Alternatively, July 12, 102 BC
• 84 BC – First marriage to Cornelia Cinnilla
• 82 BC – Escapes the Sullan persecutions
• 81/79 BC – Military service in Asia and Cilicia; tryst with Nicomedes of Bithynia
• 70s – Career as an advocate
• 69 BC – Death of Cornelia, Quaestor in Hispania Ulterior
• 65 BC – Curule aedile
• 63 BC – Second marriage to Pompeia Sulla,
• December, Divorces Pompeia
• Elected pontifex maximus and praetor urbanus
• the Catilinarian conspiracy
• 61 BC – Serves of Propraetor in Hispania Ulterior
• 59 BC – First consulship with Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus, beginning of the First Triumvirate
• Third marriage to Calpurnia Pisonis
• 58 BC/53 BC – First term as Proconsul of Gaul
• 54 BC – Death of Julia
• 53 BC – Death of Crassus: end of the First Triumvirate
• 53 BC/48 BC — Second term as Proconsul of Gaul
• 52 BC – Battle of Alesia
• 49 BC – Crossing of the Rubicon, the civil war starts
• 48 BC – Defeats Pompey in Greece at Battle of Pharsalus, made dictator (serves for 11 days)
• Second consulship with Publius Servilius Vatia Isauricus
• 47 BC – Campaign in Egypt; meets Cleopatra VII
• 46 BC – Defeats Cato and Metellus Scipio in northern Africa, third consulship with Marcus Aemilius Lepidus
• Second dictatorship
• Introduces the Julian Calendar and adoptes Octavian as heir
• 45 BC – Defeats the last opposition in Hispania
• Returns to Rome; fourth consulship (without colleague)
• Named Pater Patriae by the Senate and third dictatorship
• 44 BC –
• Fifth consulship with Marc Antony
• Appointed perpetual dictator
• February, Refuses the diadem offered by Antony
• March 15, Assassinated
• 42 BC Formally deified as "the Divine Julius" (Divus Julius),