Jin Dynasty (1115-1234)

The Jin Dynasty (金 pinyin: Jīn 1115-1234; Anchu in Jurchen), also known as the Jurchen dynasty, was founded by the Wanyan (完顏 Wányán) clan of the Jurchen, the ancestors of the Manchus who established the Qing Dynasty some 500 years later. The name is sometimes written as Jinn to differentiate it from an earlier Jin Dynasty of China whose name is spelled identically in the Roman alphabet.

Related Topics:
Pinyin - 1115 - 1234 - Jurchen - Wanyan - Clan - Jurchen - Manchu - Qing Dynasty - Jin Dynasty

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Founded in 1115 in northern Manchuria, it successfully annihilated in 1125 the Liao Dynasty which had held sway over Manchuria and the northern frontier of China for several centuries. On January 9, 1127 Jin forces ransacked Kaifeng, capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, capturing both Emperor Qinzong, and his father, Emperor Huizong, who had abdicated in panic in the face of Jin forces. Following the fall of Kaifeng, Song forces under the leadership of the succeeding Southern Song Dynasty continued to fight for over a decade with Jin forces, eventually signing a peace treaty in 1141, and ceding all of North China to the Jin in 1142 in return for peace.

Related Topics:
1115 - Manchuria - 1125 - Liao Dynasty - January 9 - 1127 - Kaifeng - Northern Song Dynasty - Emperor Qinzong - Emperor Huizong - Southern Song Dynasty - 1141 - North China - 1142

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After taking over North China, the Jin Dynasty became increasingly Sinicized, moving its capital from Huining Fu in northern Manchuria (south of present-day Harbin) to Zhongdu (now Beijing). Starting from the early 13th century the Jin Dynasty began to feel the pressure of Mongols from the north. In 1214 the Jin Dynasty moved its capital to Kaifeng (the old Song capital) to evade the Mongols; but under the forces of the Mongol Empire led by Ögedei Khan, third son of Genghis Khan, as well as their allies in the Southern Song Dynasty, the dynasty crumbled in 1234.

Related Topics:
Huining Fu - Harbin - Beijing - 13th century - Mongol - 1214 - Kaifeng - Mongol Empire - Ögedei Khan - Genghis Khan - Southern Song Dynasty - 1234

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In 1616, Manchus under the leadership of Nurhaci established the Later Jin Dynasty, taking its name from this dynasty. Later Jin was renamed the Qing Dynasty in 1636, and went on to conquer China proper and become the last dynasty of Imperial China.

Related Topics:
1616 - Manchu - Nurhaci - Qing Dynasty - 1636 - China proper

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Sovereigns of Jin Dynasty 1115-1234

Related Topics:
1115 - 1234

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Temple NameMiao Hao廟號miàohào

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Posthumous NameShi Hao諡號shìhào

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Birth Name 姓名xìngmíng

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Years ofReign

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Era NameNian Hao年號niánhàoand Years

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Convention: "Jin" + temple name or posthumous name

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Tàizǔ太祖

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(1)

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Wányán Āgǔdǎ完顏阿骨打

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1115-1123

Related Topics:
1115 - 1123

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Shōuguó收國1115-1116 

Related Topics:
1115 - 1116

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Tiānfǔ天輔1117-1123

Related Topics:
1117 - 1123

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Tàizōng太宗

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(1)

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Wányán Wúqǐmǎi完顏吳乞買orWányán (Shèng or Chéng)完顏晟

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1123-1134

Related Topics:
1123 - 1134

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Tiānhuì天會1123-1134

Related Topics:
1123 - 1134

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Xīzōng熙宗

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(1)

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Wányán Hélá完顏合剌orWányán Dǎn完顏亶

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1135-1149

Related Topics:
1135 - 1149

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Tiānhuì天會1135-1138 

Related Topics:
1135 - 1138

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Tiānjuàn天眷1138-1141 

Related Topics:
1138 - 1141

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Huángtǒng皇統1141-1149

Related Topics:
1141 - 1149

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(2)

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Hǎilíngwáng海陵王

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Wányán Liàng完顏亮

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1149-1161

Related Topics:
1149 - 1161

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Tiāndé天德1149-1153 

Related Topics:
1149 - 1153

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Zhènyuán貞元1153-1156 

Related Topics:
1153 - 1156

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Zhènglóng正隆1156-1161

Related Topics:
1156 - 1161

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Shìzōng世宗

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(1)

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Wányán Yōng完顏雍

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1161-1189

Related Topics:
1161 - 1189

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Dàdìng大定1161-1189

Related Topics:
1161 - 1189

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Zhāngzōng章宗

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(1)

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Wányán Jǐng完顏璟

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1190-1208

Related Topics:
1190 - 1208

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Míngchāng明昌1190-1196 

Related Topics:
1190 - 1196

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Chéng'ān承安1196-1200 

Related Topics:
1196 - 1200

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Tàihé泰和1200-1208

Related Topics:
1200 - 1208

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(2)

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Wèishàowáng衛紹王orWèiwáng衛王

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Wányán Yǒngjì完顏永濟

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1209-1213

Related Topics:
1209 - 1213

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Dà'ān大安 1209-1212 

Related Topics:
1209 - 1212

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Chóngqìng崇慶1212-1213 

Related Topics:
1212 - 1213

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Zhìníng至寧1213

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Xuānzōng宣宗

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(1)

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Wányán Xún完顏珣

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1213-1223

Related Topics:
1213 - 1223

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Zhēnyòu貞祐1213-1217 

Related Topics:
1213 - 1217

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Xīngdìng興定1217-1222 

Related Topics:
1217 - 1222

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Yuánguāng元光1222-1223

Related Topics:
1222 - 1223

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Āizōng哀宗

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(1)

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Wányán Shǒuxù完顏守緒

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1224-1234

Related Topics:
1224 - 1234

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Zhèngdà正大1224-1232 

Related Topics:
1224 - 1232

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Kāixīng開興1232 

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Tiānxīng天興1232-1234

Related Topics:
1232 - 1234

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(2)

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Mòdì末帝

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Wányán Chénglín完顏承麟

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1234

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(2)

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(1) Quite long and thus not used when referring to this sovereign.

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(2) Did not exist

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See also: Puxian Wannu

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