James Dewar

: For the British rock singer, see James Dewar (rock vocalist)

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Sir James Dewar (September 20, 1842 - March 27, 1923) was a Scottish chemist and physicist.

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He was the youngest of six boys, and he lost his parents at an age of 15. He was born in Kincardine-on-Forth and studied at the University of Edinburgh, where he graduated. Later he became professor at the University of Cambridge 1875 and was a member of the Royal Institution 1877. He developed a chemical formula for benzene and performed extensive work in spectroscopy for more than 25 years. In 1891 he discovered a process to produce liquid oxygen in industrial quantities. He developed an insulating bottle, Dewar flask, still named after him, to study low temperature gas phenomena. He also used this bottle to transport liquid gases like hydrogen 1898. In 1905 he observed that cold charcoal could produce a vacuum. This technique was quite useful for experiments in atomic physics. He is credited as the inventor of the vacuum flask.

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Along with Sir Frederick Augustus Abel, developed the smokeless explosive whose common name is cordite.

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He died in London.

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September 20: September 20 is the 263rd day of the year (264th in leap years). There are 102 days remaining....

1842: 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar)....

March 27: March 27 is the 86th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (87th in Leap years). There are 279 days remaining....

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