Iron Maiden (band)

Iron Maiden are a British heavy metal band from east London. Formed in 1975 by bassist Steve Harris, previously of Gypsy's Kiss and Smiler, they are one of the most successful and influential bands in the heavy metal genre, selling over 60 million albums worldwide. Iron Maiden have so far released thirteen studio albums, four "best of" compilations, eight live albums and four limited boxed-sets. They won the Ivor Novello Award for international achievement in 2000 http://www.britishacademy.com/ivorsmenu/2000.htm.

History

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The long and twisting road from formation to the current day started in 1975, when bassist Steve Harris and guitarist Dave Murray met up. Thirty years later, the two remain at the helm of Iron Maiden.

Related Topics:
1975 - Dave Murray

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Beginning

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Iron Maiden had twelve different line-ups in the 1970s, paying their dues on the mostly punk club circuit in London's rough East End. Although Iron Maiden were a metal band influenced by Deep Purple, Yes, Wishbone Ash, and Black Sabbath, the earlier music had undoubted punk overtones. Original singer Paul Day was replaced by the outlandish Dennis Wilcock, a huge KISS fan who used fire, make-up, and fake blood on stage. Neither vocalist possessed both the stage presence and vocal ability to take the band to the next level. This changed in 1978, with the addition of Paul Di'Anno at the helm, and Doug Sampson on drums.

Related Topics:
1970s - London - East End - Deep Purple - Yes - Wishbone Ash - Black Sabbath - Punk - Paul Day - Dennis Wilcock - KISS - 1978 - Paul Di'Anno - Doug Sampson

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Iron Maiden were a sensation on the English rock circuit by 1978. The band had been playing for three years and gained a tremendously loyal following, but had never recorded any of their music. On New Year's Eve 1978, the band recorded one of the most famous demos in rock history, the Soundhouse Tapes. Featuring only four songs, the band sold all five thousand copies within weeks, with originals later fetching thousands of dollars (until a re-release in 1996). Two of the tracks on the demo, Prowler and Iron Maiden, went straight to number one on the English metal charts. Their first appearance on an album was on the compilation Metal for Muthas (released on 15 February 1980) with two early recordings of Sanctuary and Wrathchild.

Related Topics:
1978 - New Year's Eve - Soundhouse Tapes - 1996 - 15 February - 1980

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In several of the early Iron Maiden line-ups, Dave Murray was joined by another guitarist, but for most of 1977 and all of 1978, Murray was the sole six-stringer in the band. This changed with the arrival of Tony Parsons in 1979. Drummer Doug Sampson was also replaced by the dynamic Clive Burr, and in November 1979, the band landed a major record deal by signing to EMI, a partnership that would last for nearly 15 years. Shortly before going into the studio, Parsons was replaced by guitarist Dennis Stratton. Initially, the band wanted to hire Dave Murray's childhood friend Adrian Smith, but Smith was busy singing and playing guitar for his own band, Urchin.

Related Topics:
1977 - 1978 - Tony Parsons - 1979 - Doug Sampson - Clive Burr - EMI - Dennis Stratton - Adrian Smith - Urchin

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On 13 October 1979, guitarist Dave Murray hit upon so many girls after a gig at Manchester's UMIST that he created a storm of protests from disgruntled males. The next week, Sounds magazine printed a notice :

Related Topics:
13 October - 1979 - Manchester - UMIST

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:"I would just like to warn Dave Murray the lead guitarist of Iron Maiden that if he steps foot inside Manchester again I will personally pummel his brains in, cos he's ruined what I thought was an ace relationship with my girlfriend. And may I point out that no matter how much she rubs his name in my face I still think Deb Brown of Wythenshawe is the best yet.

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:Jealous Dave."

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Initial success

Iron Maiden was released in 1980 to critical and commercial success, and the group become one of the leading components of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal (NWOBHM). The band went on to open for KISS on their 1980 Unmasked tour, as well as opening select dates for the legendary Judas Priest. After the Kiss tour, Dennis Stratton was fired from the band as a result of creative and personal differences. Finally, the timing was right for the arrival of Adrian Smith.

Related Topics:
Iron Maiden - 1980 - New Wave of British Heavy Metal - KISS - Unmasked - Judas Priest - Dennis Stratton - Adrian Smith

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Smith brought a sharp, staccato sound to Iron Maiden. His tight, experimental style was the complete opposite of Murray's smooth, rapid take on blues. One of Iron Maiden's trademarks is the double "twin lead" harmonising guitar stylings of Murray and Smith, a style pioneered by Wishbone Ash and Thin Lizzy, and developed further by Iron Maiden.

Related Topics:
Wishbone Ash - Thin Lizzy

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In 1981, Maiden released their second album, titled Killers. This new album contained many tracks that had been penned prior to the release of the debut album, but were considered surplus. Only two new tracks were written for the album; the title track, and the energetic Murders in the Rue Morgue.

Related Topics:
1981 - Killers

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The next level

As a group, Maiden never really partied and drank hard, and vocalist Paul Di'Anno partied harder than the others, which inevitably took its toll. Just as the band were beginning to achieve large-scale success in America, Di'Anno exhibited increasingly destructive behaviour, and his performances began to suffer. At the end of 1981 the band replaced Di'Anno with former Samson vocalist Bruce Dickinson.

Related Topics:
1981 - Samson - Bruce Dickinson

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Dickinson vowed from the start that he was his own man – in his own words, he "wasn't going to wear frilly collars and cut his hair". Legendary DJ, Tommy Vance had told Dickinson not to join the band – advice which was ignored. Dickinson's debut with Iron Maiden was 1982's album The Number of the Beast, which is recognised as a classic of the heavy metal genre. This album was a world-wide success providing definitive songs such as "The Number of the Beast", "Run to the Hills" and "Hallowed Be Thy Name". For the first time the band went on a world tour, visiting the United States, Japan and Australia. The tour was marred (or perhaps promoted) by controversy coming from religious groups that claimed Iron Maiden was a Satanic group because of their dark lyrics, which supposedly spoke of Satan. The allegations centered around one song, "The Number of the Beast", a song ostensibly about a bad dream. The members of Iron Maiden tried to deflect this criticism by insisting that the lyrics were based on a dream of Steve Harris's, but the accusations persisted. A group of Christian activists destroyed the band's records (along with those of Ozzy Osbourne) by burning them in a large fire.

Related Topics:
Tommy Vance - 1982 - The Number of the Beast - Heavy metal - United States - Japan - Australia - Religious - Satanic - Satan - Christian - Activists - Ozzy Osbourne

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On the same tour, producer Martin Birch was involved in a car accident with a group of church-goers. Ironically the bill for the repair came to £666, a figure which Birch refused to pay, instead opting for a higher amount.

Related Topics:
Martin Birch - Car accident - £

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On a more positive note, actor Patrick McGoohan was very accommodating when a request was made to allow the band to use a spoken intro from the cult TV series, The Prisoner, in which McGoohan was the lead actor. McGoohan was a big name in 1982, and Iron Maiden manager Rod Smallwood was nervous about making the request. The conversation between McGoohan and Smallwood allegedly went:

Related Topics:
Patrick McGoohan - The Prisoner - 1982

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:McGoohan: "What did you say the name of the band was again?"

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:Smallwood: "Iron Maiden"

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:McGoohan: "A rock band, you say... do it!"

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Before heading back into the studio in 1983, they replaced drummer Clive Burr with Nicko McBrain and went on to release four albums which went multi-platinum world-wide: Piece of Mind (1983), Powerslave (1984), Live After Death (1985) and Somewhere in Time (1986). The band gathered huge audiences worldwide, especially in South America, Asia, Australia, and the United States. Support in these areas remains to this day, with the possible exception of the United States.

Related Topics:
1983 - Nicko McBrain - Piece of Mind - Powerslave - 1984 - Live After Death - 1985 - Somewhere in Time - 1986 - South America - Asia - Australia - United States

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Satanic accusations persisted - there was a lot of controversy about occult messages in many bands' music at the time, normally discovered by playing the offending track backwards. On the Piece Of Mind album, from 1983, a backward message was placed at the start of the track "Still Life" as a kind of internal joke. Reverse this track, and you will hear drummer McBrain clearly saying "Hmm, Hmmm, what ho sed de t'ing wid de t'ree bonce. Don't meddle wid t'ings you don't understand", followed by a belch. McBrain later admitted this to be his "famous" impression of Idi Amin Dada. It translates to the following: "What ho said the monster with the three heads, don't meddle with things you don't understand."

Related Topics:
Occult - Backwards - 1983 - Idi Amin Dada

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Also on the Piece of Mind album, renowned author Frank Herbert came into conflict with the band when they wanted to record a song named after the book Dune. Not only did Herbert refuse to allow the song to be called "Dune", he also refused to allow a spoken quotation from the book to appear as the track's intro. Bass player Steve Harris' polite request was met with a stern reply from the agent: "No. Because Frank Herbert doesn't like rock bands, particularly heavy rock bands, and especially rock bands like Iron Maiden". This statement was backed up with a legal threat, and eventually the song was renamed To Tame A Land and released in 1983.

Related Topics:
Frank Herbert - Dune - 1983

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Experimentation

In 1988, the band tried a different approach for their seventh studio album, titled Seventh Son of a Seventh Son. This was a concept album featuring a story about a mythical child who possessed clairvoyant powers based on the book Seventh Son by Orson Scott Card.

Related Topics:
1988 - Seventh Son of a Seventh Son - Concept album - Clairvoyant - Seventh Son - Orson Scott Card

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For the first time the band used keyboards on a recording (as opposed to guitar synths on the previous release). In the opinion of some critics, this produced a more accessible release. The band also headlined the annual Monsters of Rock festival for the first time this year. The 1990 edition of the Guinness Book of Records contains the following entry:

Related Topics:
Monsters of Rock - 1990 - Guinness Book of Records

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"Largest PA system: On Aug 20th 1988 at the Castle Donington 'Monsters of Rock' Festival a total of 360 Turbosound cabinets offering a potential 523kW of programme power, formed the largest front-of-house PA. The average Sound Pressure Level at the mixing tower was 118dB, peaking at a maximum of 124dB during Iron Maiden's set. It took five days to set up the system."

Related Topics:
KW - DB

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Decline

For the first time in seven years, the band suffered a line-up change with the major loss of guitarist/vocalist Adrian Smith. Former Gillan guitarist Janick Gers was chosen to replace Smith, and in 1990 they released the raw sounding album No Prayer for the Dying. This album went back to the heavy style of the band, and whilst commercially successful, was not as well received by most fans. Vocalist Bruce Dickinson also began experimenting with a raspier style of singing that was a marked departure from his trademark operatic style. Nonetheless, the band obtained their first (and only, to date) number one hit single "Bring Your Daughter to the Slaughter". It was released at the start of January, the slowest time of the year for record sales, and was one of the first records to be released on several different formats with different B-sides, thus encouraging fans to buy several copies. The song was originally penned and recorded by Bruce Dickinson for the soundtrack to the fifth Nightmare on Elm Street movie.

Related Topics:
Gillan - Janick Gers - 1990 - No Prayer for the Dying - Nightmare on Elm Street

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Before the release of No Prayer for the Dying, Bruce Dickinson officially launched a solo career alongside Iron Maiden, with Gers as guitarist. Dickinson performed a solo tour in 1991 before returning to the studio with Iron Maiden for the album Fear of the Dark. Released in 1992 it had several songs that were popular amongst fans, such as the title track and Afraid to Shoot Strangers.

Related Topics:
No Prayer for the Dying - 1991 - Fear of the Dark - 1992

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In 1993, Iron Maiden suffered a huge loss when Bruce Dickinson left the band to further pursue his solo career. However, Bruce agreed to stay with the band for a farewell tour and two live albums (later re-released in one package). The first, A Real Live One, featured songs from 1986 to 1992, and was released in March 1993. The second, A Real Dead One, featured songs from 1980 to 1984, and was released after Bruce had left the band. He played his farewell show with Iron Maiden on August 28, 1993. The show was filmed, broadcasted by the BBC, and released on video under the name Raising Hell.

Related Topics:
1993 - A Real Live One - A Real Dead One - August 28 - BBC - Raising Hell

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Winds of change

The band auditioned hundreds of vocalists and finally chose young gun Blaze Bayley in 1994, formerly of Wolfsbane. Bayley had an altogether different style to his predecessor, which received a mixed reception amongst fans. After a three year hiatus, Maiden returned in 1995 with the hour-long album The X Factor. The album was generally seen as having dark, brooding songs that seemed more melancholy and introspective than usual. Chief songwriter Steve Harris was going through serious personal problems at the time with the break-up of his marriage and the loss of his father and many feel the album's sound is a reflection of this. The 11-minute epic "Sign of the Cross", opening the album, is perhaps the stand-out track, and even Bayley's detractors tend to recognise it as a classic.

Related Topics:
Blaze Bayley - 1994 - Wolfsbane - 1995 - The X Factor

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The band spent most of 1996 on the road before returning to the studio for Virtual XI (1998). The album contained few notable tracks, with only The Clansman and Futureal surviving on future tours, and chart positions were observably lower. One of the most criticised tracks was the single The Angel and the Gambler, which was all that many people heard of the album before deciding not to buy it. Virtual XI failed to reach the one million mark in worldwide sales for the first time, and thus sounded Bayley's death knell.

Related Topics:
1996 - Virtual XI - 1998

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Reunion

In February 1999, Bayley left the band, apparently by mutual consent. At the same time, the band shocked their fans when they announced that both Bruce Dickinson and guitarist Adrian Smith were rejoining the band, which meant the classic 1980s lineup was back in place - plus Janick Gers, who would remain. Iron Maiden now had three guitarists for the first time. This led to a successful reunion tour.

Related Topics:
1999 - 1980s

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In 2000, a more progressive period began for the band when they released the album Brave New World. The songs were longer and the lyrics spoke about both dark themes and social criticism. The band gained a new fan base when they began exploring the genre of progressive metal, and the world tour that followed ended in January 2001 with a show at the famous Rock in Rio festival.

Related Topics:
2000 - Brave New World - Progressive metal - 2001 - Rock in Rio

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The band continued with their progressive trend in the album Dance of Death released in 2003. The album went platinum in several countries and left no doubts that the band was still a force to be reckoned with. These new songs were described as "harmonizing and original".

Related Topics:
Dance of Death - 2003

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In 2005, Iron Maiden announced a tour to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the release of their first album and the 30th anniversary of their formation. The band re-released the Number of the Beast single, which went straight to number three in the UK charts. The band hit the road to support the 2004 DVD entitled The Early Days, in which the band celebrates the music mainly from its 1980-1983 period.http://www.ironmaiden.com/

Related Topics:
2005 - DVD - The Early Days

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The band's show in Gothenburg on Saturday 9 July 2005 was broadcast live on TV across Scandinavia. The Swedish back catalogue album charts published just over a week later were as follows:

Related Topics:
Gothenburg - 9 July - 2005 - Scandinavia - Swedish

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• Iron Maiden - Number Of The Beast
• Iron Maiden - Edward The Great (Best Of)
• Iron Maiden - Iron Maiden
• Iron Maiden - Piece Of Mind
• Iron Maiden - Killers
• Iron Maiden - Powerslave
• Iron Maiden - Live After Death
• Lars Winnerbäck Och Hovet - Söndermarken
• Iron Maiden - Seventh Son Of A Seventh Son
• Iron Maiden - Fear Of The Dark

Iron Maiden toured the United States with a stint on the 10th anniversary Ozzfest tour, playing before Black Sabbath from July 15 through August 20, 2005. The band performed a shortened version of its Early Days European set, usually lasting about an hour. Several nights of the Ozzfest tour saw Iron Maiden headlining due to Ozzy Osbourne experiencing throat problems. Iron Maiden also played several "Off-Fest" dates headlining in places such as Toronto and Denver. During this tour, the band were added to the Hollywood Rockwalk. http://news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/ap/20050820/ap_en_mu/people_iron_maiden

Related Topics:
Ozzfest - Black Sabbath - July 15 - August 20 - 2005 - Ozzy Osbourne - Toronto - Denver - Hollywood Rockwalk

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At Iron Maiden's last Ozzfest performance, the band had their sound turned off several times, eggs were thrown towards the stage, and chants of "Ozzy" were shouted through the PA system. This was the work of Sharon Osbourne, who took to the stage and called Bruce Dickinson "a prick" after they performed their encore, followed by a large portion of the crowd booing her off the stage. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1508028/20050822/iron_maiden.jhtml?headlines=true She officially admitted this in a scathing letter, accusing Bruce of heckling her husband, which she signed "The Real Iron Maiden".

Related Topics:
Egg - PA system - Sharon Osbourne

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The band headlined the Reading and Leeds weekend festivals on the 26th and 28th August 2005, playing classics from the first four studio albums to a combined audience of approximately 120,000.

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A new DVD, Death on the Road, is set to be released in August 2005. Documenting the 2003-04 Dance of Death, the release is in its final stages, as the mastering was finished at the end of February 2005 by Kevin Shirley.

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No new album is expected before Autumn 2006 as, according to the official website, the band will only enter the studio in January 2006. Dickinson announced at the Reading festival that the band would be touring again before Christmas 2006. McBrain also said that the new album will be a concept album, the first one since Seventh Son of a Seventh Son http://www.ultimate-guitar.com/news/upcoming_releases/iron_maiden_concept_album.html.

Related Topics:
2006 - Concept album - Seventh Son of a Seventh Son

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