Iraqi Governing Council

The Iraqi Interim Governing Council, usually abbreviated as the Iraqi Governing Council, was the provisional government of Iraq established by the US-led multinational coalition from 2003 to 2004, consisted of various Iraqi political, religious, and tribal leaders who were appointed by the Coalition Provisional Authority to provide transitional leadership of the country to an eventual democratic state.

General information

Though subject to the authority of the CPA administrator Paul Bremer, the council had several key powers of its own. Their duties included appointing representatives to the United Nations, appointing interim ministers to Iraq's vacant cabinet positions, and drafting a temporary constitution, the Transitional Administrative Law (TAL). The TAL spelled out the provisions which were to govern the Iraqi Interim Government, and the timeline for holding elections to a National Assembly, drafting of a permanent constitution to be voted on by the Iraqi people, and elections to a permanent government.

Related Topics:
Paul Bremer - United Nations - Minister - Constitution - Transitional Administrative Law - Iraqi Interim Government

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Despite having to answer to the CPA, different factions have taken on controversial stands. Religious hardliners won a solid victory when Directive 137 was passed on December 29. Passed by the council in less than 15 minutes, it replaced Iraq's former secular family law code with Shari'a family law. This move met with wide protest among many Iraqi women fearful of how it will affect their freedom to make their own decisions about marriage, divorce, alimony, and many other issues where Iraq used to be a leader in the Arab world for women's rights. Other legislation passed by the council included declaring the day that Baghdad fell to be a national holiday, voting to establish a tribunal to try former government leaders, and banning television stations which are deemed to be supportive of the resistance. A new flag chosen by the council for post-Saddam Iraq created much controversy, in part because of the similarity of color and design with the flag of Israel, and the flag was not adopted.

Related Topics:
December 29 - Shari'a - Women's rights - Baghdad - A new flag - Flag of Israel

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According to the Law of Administration for the State of Iraq for the Transitional Period, the interim constitution that the Council approved, the Council would cease to function after June 30, 2004, at which point full sovereignty would return to Iraq, and the government will be handed over to a new, sovereign interim government. Instead, the council chose to dissolve itself prematurely.

Related Topics:
Law of Administration for the State of Iraq for the Transitional Period - Constitution - June 30 - 2004

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