Intelligence quotient

An intelligence quotient or IQ is a score derived from a set of standardized tests that were developed with the purpose of measuring a person's cognitive abilities ("intelligence") in relation to their age group. IQ tests do not measure intelligence the way a ruler measures height (absolutely), but rather the way a race measures speed (relatively). Also, IQ tests measure actual performance, not innate potential. Among the middle class of industrial societies, IQ is highly heritable, and by adulthood the influence of family environment on IQ is undetectable. IQ test scores are correlated with measures of brain structure and function, as well as performance on simple tasks that anyone can complete within a few seconds. IQ is strongly correlated with academic success, but can also predict important life outcomes such as job performance, socioeconomic advancement, and "social pathologies". Recent work has demonstrated links between IQ and health, longevity, and functional literacy.

Related Topics:
Standardized test - Intelligence - Race - Heritable

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