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Independent film


 

An independent film (or indie film) is a film initially produced without financing or distribution from a major movie studio. Creative, business, and technological reasons have all contributed to the growth of the indie film scene in the late 20th and early 21st century.

Further Readings

  • Donald Lyons, Independent Visions: A Critical Introduction to Recent Independent American Film, Ballantine Books 1994
  • Judith Redding, Victoria Brownworth, Film Fatales: Independent Women Directors, Seal Press 1997
  • Emanuel Levy, Cinema of Outsiders: The Rise of American Independent Film, New York University Press 1999
  • Greg Merritt, Celluloid Mavericks: A History of American Independent Film, Thunder's Mouth Press 2001
  • Peter Biskind, Down and Dirty Pictures: Miramax, Sundance, and the Rise of Independent Film, Simon & Schuster 2005