Holland Tunnel

The Holland Tunnel, originally known as the Hudson River Vehicular Tunnel or the Canal Street Tunnel, is one of two highway tunnels under the Hudson River connecting the island of Manhattan with Jersey City, New Jersey on the mainland (the Lincoln Tunnel is the other one).

Related Topics:
Tunnel - Hudson River - Manhattan - Jersey City, New Jersey - Lincoln Tunnel

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Begun in 1920 and completed in 1927, it is named after Clifford Milburn Holland (1883 - 1924), Chief Engineer on the project, who died before it was completed. The tunnel is one of the earliest examples of a ventilated design, having 80 ft (24 m) diameter fans blowing air in one series of ducts and out another series. Ventilation was required by the advent of the automobile and associated carbon monoxide exhaust.

Related Topics:
1920 - 1927 - Clifford Milburn Holland - 1883 - 1924 - Ventilation - Automobile - Carbon monoxide

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The world's first major ventilated highway tunnel, the Holland consists of a pair of tubes, each providing two lanes in a twenty foot roadway width. The north tube is 8,558 ft (2.61 km) from end to end, while the south tube is slightly shorter at just 8,371 ft (2.55 km). Both tubes are situated in the mud beneath the river, with the lowest point of the roadway approximately 93 feet (28 m) below mean high water. A nine-lane toll plaza is located on the New Jersey side of the tunnel, and (as of 2003) charges $6 for cars and $5 for motorcycles for passage from New Jersey to New York (there is no toll in the opposite direction.) Discounts are available for E-ZPass users. According to the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, which controls the tunnel, traffic for 2002 totalled 15,764,000 vehicles, and 33,926,000 vehicles in 2004.

Related Topics:
Toll plaza - Motorcycles - E-ZPass - Port Authority of New York and New Jersey - 2002

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