Hero of the Russian Federation

Hero of the Russian Federation ({{lang-ru|????? ?????????? ?????????}}) is the highest title that can be bestowed by the Russian Federation on a citizen of Russia. The President of the Russian Federation is the main authority in conferring the title. The criteria for the title is committing actions or deeds that involve conspicuous bravery while in the service of the state. The title was created in by a decree from Boris Yeltsin on March 20 1992, whcih replaced the Soviet titles Hero of the Soviet Union and Hero of Socialist Labor. The title was presented about 750 times since its creation, most of the awardings were for military actions that took place in the region of Chechnya or to cosmonauts who have performed flights into space. Several artists, politicians, econimists and atheletes have been awarded with the title.

Recipients

The main recipients of the title has come from two main categories: participants in the Chechnya conflicts or cosmonauts. While each cosmonaut that goes into space recieves the title for going into space, the Chechnya recipients will usually get their titles for performing heroic acts or leading the pro-Moscow government. Some Chechnya recipients have been killed in various incidents, such as Akhmad Kadyrov. He was the president of the region, but he was killed in a 2004 Victory Day parade in the Chechen capital of Grozny. Months after Vladimir Putin awarded Akhmad the title, he awarded his son, Ramzan, the same title months later for his work in Chechnya. {{ref|kadyrov}}

Related Topics:
Chechnya - Cosmonaut - Space - Moscow - Akhmad Kadyrov - Victory Day - Grozny - Vladimir Putin - Ramzan

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The cosmonauts that were awarded the title of hero were also awarded with the title Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Russian Federation. Though some titles that were presented to the cosmonauts were for long service as a test pilot, once a Russian cosmonaut goes into space, he or she will be awarded the title of hero. Some recipients of the title, Sergey Krikalev, also were presented the Soviet hero title, along with the Order of Lenin. {{ref|krikalev}} Most of the cosmonaut double heroes were awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union and Hero of Russia titles for "For successful realization of flight and the courage shown at it and heroism." {{ref|cosmonauts}}

Related Topics:
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Russian Federation - Sergey Krikalev - Order of Lenin

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Outside of those two groups, athletes and other civilian and military officials also received the title. One case included naval officer and submarine captain Gennady Lyachin. Lyachin was the captain of the Kursk, which sank after an explosion in 2000. Due to his heroism during the explosion, and trying to keep the crew alive as much as possible, Lyachin was posthumously awarded the title and his crew were awarded with the Order of Courage. {{ref|kursk}} Larisa Lazutina, an athelete , was presented a hero title for her various medals that were won in the 1998 Winter Olympics, which were held in Nagano, Japan. {{ref|lazutina}} However, Lazutina was disqualified from the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States because of a positive result in a drug test. {{ref|drugtest}} Another athelete, Alexander Karelin, was honored with the title for his Olympic success in the wrestling. {{ref|karelin}}

Related Topics:
Submarine - Gennady Lyachin - Kursk - Explosion - 2000 - Order of Courage - Larisa Lazutina - 1998 Winter Olympics - Nagano - Japan - 2002 Winter Olympics - Salt Lake City, Utah - United States - Drug test - Alexander Karelin - Wrestling

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