Habsburg

Habsburg (sometimes spelled Hapsburg, but never so in official use) was one of the major ruling houses of Europe.

Main Line: Holy Roman Emperors, Archdukes of Austria

• Maximilian I, emperor 1493 - 1519
• Charles V, emperor 1519 - 1556

Spanish Habsburgs: Kings of Spain, Kings of Portugal (1580-1640)

See also: Portuguese House of Habsburg

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

• Philip I of Castile, second son of Maximilian I, founded the Spanish Habsburgs in 1506 by marrying Joanna the Mad, daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella. Philip promptly died, leaving the thrones of Castile and Aragon to be inherited and united into the nation of Spain by his son:
• Charles I 1516-1556, aka Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor; converdivided the House into Austrian and Spanish lines
• Philip II of Spain 1556-1598, also Filipe I of Portugal 1580-1598
• Philip III, also Filipe II of Portugal 1598-1621
• Philip IV 1621-1665, also Filipe III 1621-1640
• Charles II 1665-1700

The War of the Spanish Succession took place after the extinction of the Spanish Habsburg line, to determine the inheritance of Charles II.

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Austrian Habsburgs: Holy Roman Emperors, Archdukes of Austria

• Ferdinand I, emperor 1556 - 1564 (?Family Tree)
• Maximilian II, emperor 1564 - 1576
• Rudolph II, emperor 1576 - 1612
• Matthias, emperor 1612 - 1619
• Ferdinand II, emperor 1619 - 1637
• Ferdinand III, emperor 1637 - 1657 (?Family Tree)
• Leopold I, emperor 1658 - 1705
• Josef I, emperor 1705 - 1711
• Charles VI, emperor 1711 - 1740

NB: Maria Theresa of Austria, Habsburg heiress and wife of emperor Francis I Stephen, reigned as Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia 1740 - 1780

Related Topics:
Maria Theresa of Austria - Francis I Stephen - Hungary - Bohemia

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

House of Habsburg-Lorraine (Lothringen), main line: Holy Roman Emperors, Archdukes of Austria

• Francis I Stephen, emperor 1745 - 1765 (?Family Tree)
• Joseph II, emperor 1765 - 1790
• Leopold II, emperor 1790 - 1792 (?Family Tree)
• Francis II, emperor 1792 - 1806 (?Family Tree)

The House of Habsburg-Lorraine retained Austria and attached possessions after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire; see below.

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

House of Habsburg-Lorraine: Grand dukes of Tuscany

• Francis Stephen 1737-1765 (aka Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor)
• Peter Leopold 1765-1790 (aka Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor)

The grand duchy of Tuscany became a separate line at this point:

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

• Ferdinand III 1790-1800, 1814-1824 (?Family Tree)
• Leopold II 1824-1849, 1849-1859
• Ferdinand IV 1859

House of Habsburg-Lorraine: Dukes of Modena

The duchy of Modena was assigned to a minor branch of the family by the Congress of Vienna. It was lost to Italian unification.

Related Topics:
Congress of Vienna - Italian unification

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

• Francis IV 1814-1831, 1831-1846 (?Family Tree)
• Francis V 1846-1848, 1849-1859

House of Habsburg-Lorraine: Duchess of Parma

The duchy of Parma was likewise assigned to a Habsburg, but did not stay in the House long before succumbing to Italian unification.

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

• Maria Luisa 1814-1847 (?Family Tree)

House of Habsburg-Lorraine: Emperor of Mexico

Maximilian, an adventurous younger son, was invited as part of Napoleon III's manipulations to take the throne of Mexico. The adventure did not end well. Maximilian was shot in "Cerro de las Campanas" in 1867.

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

• Maximilian I 1864-1867) (?Family Tree)

House of Habsburg-Lorraine, main line: Emperors of Austria

• Franz I, emperor of Austria 1804 - 1835: was Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (?Family Tree)
• Ferdinand I, emperor of Austria 1835 - 1848
• Franz Joseph, emperor of Austria 1848 - 1916, sometimes referred to in English as "Francis Joseph"
• Karl, emperor of Austria 1916 - 1918, sometimes referred to in English as "Charles". He died in exile in 1922.

House of Habsburg-Lorraine, main line: Heads of the House of Habsburg (post-monarchy)

Charles I was expelled from his domains after World War I and the empire was abolished.

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

• Charles I (1918-1922) (?Family Tree)
• Otto von Habsburg (1922-present)
• Zita of Bourbon-Parma, guardian, (1922-1930))
• Karl Habsburg-Lothringen, successor in due course to Otto

Burials

See Imperial Crypt in Vienna.

Related Topics:
Imperial Crypt - Vienna

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~