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Guillaume Apollinaire


 

Guillaume Apollinaire (August 26, 1880November 9, 1918) was a poet, writer, and art critic. The foremost French poet of the early 20th century, he is credited with having coined the word surrealism and having written one of the earliest works that can be described as Surrealist, the play Les Mamelles de Tirésias (1917) (the subject of an opera by Francis Poulenc that premiered in 1947). Two years after being wounded in World War I, he died at thirty-eight of the Spanish flu during a worldwide pandemic that killed between twenty and fifty million people.

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