Gottfried Benn

Gottfried Benn (May 2, 1886 – July 7, 1956) was a German essayist and expressionist poet. A doctor of medicine, he became an early admirer, and later a critic, of the National Socialist revolution.

References

• German Dreams and German Dreamers: Gottfried Benn's German Universe by Henry Grosshans (Wyndham Hall Press, 1987, ISBN 1556050011 (pbk.).
• Gottfried Benn: The Unreconstructed Expressionist by J. M. Ritchie (London: Wolff, 1972, ISBN 0854960465).
• Beyond Nihilism: Gottfried Benn's Postmodernist Poetics by Susan Ray (Oxford; New York: P. Lang, 2003, ISBN 3039100068 & ISBN 0820462756 (pbk.).
• Gottfried Benn's Static Poetry: Aesthetic and Intellectual-Historical Interpretations by Mark William Roche (University of North Carolina Press, 1991, ISBN 0807881120).
• Primal Vision: Selected Poetry and Prose of Gottfried Benn edited by E. B. Ashton (NY: Bodley Head, 1961; Boyars, 1971; Marion Boyars, 1984, ISBN 0714525006)
• Twentieth-Century Culture: A Biographical Companion edited by Alan Bullock and R. B. Woodings (Harpercollins, 1984, ISBN 0060152486)
• German Literature Under National Socialism by J.M. Ritchie (London: C. Helm; Barnes & Noble, 1983, ISBN 0389204188).
• The Appeal of Fascism: A Study of Intellectuals and Fascism, 1919-1945 by Alastair Hamilton, foreword by Stephen Spender (London: Blond, 1971, ISBN 0218514263).
• Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890 by Philip Rees (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990, ISBN 0130893013).
• Reason and Energy: Studies in German Literature by Michael Hamburger (London: Routledge & Paul, 1957; New York: Grove Press, 1957; London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1970, revised ed., ISBN 0297002678).
• Encyclopedia of the Third Reich by Louis L. Snyder (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1976, ISBN 0070595259; London: Blandford, 1989, ISBN 0713721677; New York: Paragon House, 1989, 1st pbk. ed., ISBN 1557781443; New York: Marlowe, 1998, ISBN 1569249172)