Gloucester

Gloucester (pronounced {{IPA|}}) is a city and district in south-west England, close to the Welsh border. In 2003 it had a population of 110,207. Gloucester is the county town of Gloucestershire.

Places of interest

Gloucester Cathedral, in the north of the city near the river, originates in the foundation of an abbey dedicated to Saint Peter in 681. It is the burial place of King Edward II of England and was recently used in scenes for the Harry Potter films.

Related Topics:
Gloucester Cathedral - Saint Peter - 681 - Edward II of England

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Attached to the deanery is the Norman prior's chapel. In St Mary's Square outside the Abbey gate, Bishop Hooper suffered martyrdom under Queen Mary in 1555.

Related Topics:
Queen Mary - 1555

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Many quaint gabled and timbered houses survive from earlier periods of the city's history. At the point of intersection of the four principal streets stood the Tolsey or town hall, replaced by a modern building in 1894. None of the old public buildings are left except for the New Inn in Northgate Street, a timbered house, strong and massive with external galleries and courtyards; it was built in 1450 for the pilgrims to Edward II's shrine, by Abbot Sebroke, and a traditional subterranean passage leads to the cathedral.

Related Topics:
Town hall - 1894 - 1450

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There are a large number of churches and in the past there were also many dissenting chapels. It may have been the old proverb, "as sure as God's in Gloucester," that provoked Oliver Cromwell to declare that the city had "more churches than godliness." The first Sunday school in England was held in Gloucester, founded by Robert Raikes in 1780. Four churches are of special interest:

Related Topics:
Oliver Cromwell - Sunday school - Robert Raikes - 1780

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• St Mary de Lode, with a Norman tower and chancel, and a monument of Bishop Hooper, on the site of a Roman temple which became the first Christian church in Britain;
• St Mary de Crypt, a cruciform structure of the 12th century, with later additions and a beautiful and lofty tower;
• the church of St Michael, said to have been connected with the ancient abbey of St Peter; and
• St Nicholas church, originally of Norman erection, and possessing a tower and other portions of later date.

In the neighbourhood of St Mary de Crypt are the slight remains of Greyfriars and Blackfriars monasteries, and also of the city wall. Early vaulted cellars remain under the Fleece and Saracen's Head inns.

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There are three endowed schools: the College school, refounded by Henry VIII of England as part of the cathedral establishment; the school of St Mary de Crypt, founded by Dame Joan Cooke in the same reign (1539); and Sir Thomas Rich's Blue Coat Hospital for boys (1666). At the Crypt school the famous preacher George Whitefield (1714-1770) was educated, and he preached his first sermon in the church.

Related Topics:
Henry VIII of England - George Whitefield

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The noteworthy modern buildings include the museum and school of art and science, the county gaol (on the site of a Saxon and Norman castle), the Shire Hall and the Whitefield memorial church. A park in the south of the city contains a spa, a chalybeate spring having been discovered in 1814. West of this, across the canal, are the remains (a gateway and some walls) of Llanthony Priory, a cell of the mother abbey in the vale of Ewyas, Monmouthshire, which in the reign of Edward IV became the secondary establishment.

Related Topics:
Saxon - Chalybeate - Llanthony Priory - Ewyas - Monmouthshire - Edward IV

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Kingsholm Stadium is the home of Gloucester RFC, founded in 1873, one of England's top rugby union clubs.

Related Topics:
Gloucester RFC - Rugby union

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