Glass ceiling

A glass ceiling is an unofficial barrier to an upper management or other prominent position within a company or other organization which certain groups, particularly women, are perceived to be unable to cross, due to discrimination. The term refers to the inconspicuous nature of such barriers, compared to formal barriers to career advancement. It was originally coined by Carol Hymowitz and Timothy Schellhardt in the March 24 1986 edition of the Wall Street Journal.

Related Topics:
Management - Company - Women - March 24 - 1986 - Wall Street Journal

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The term glass elevator is sometimes used to describe the rapid promotion of men over women, especially into management, in female-dominated fields like nursing.

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The term glass cliff describes a situation wherein someone, particularly a woman, has been promoted into a risky, difficult job where the chances of failure are higher.

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There is also a sometimes-used term glass floor which describes the theory that some factor both limits a group's (often women's) progress but also limits their numbers in situations like, say, imprisonment and the disproportionate numbers of male inmates. Biological factors are often quoted for these, although contentious.

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The political aspects of these concepts limit the ability of research to clarify the issue.

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