German presidential election, 1932

The presidential election (Reichspräsidentenwahl) of 1932 was the second and final direct election to the office of Reichspräsident ("Reich President"), Germany's head of state during the 1919-1933 Weimar Republic. The incumbent Reich President, Paul von Hindenburg, had been elected in 1925 but his seven year term expired in May. After two rounds of voting, on the 13th March and the 10th April, Hindenburg was re-elected to a second term of office. His major opponent in the election was Adolf Hitler of the Nazi Party (NSDAP).

Overview

Hitler hoped to use the presidency to aid him in his goal of over-throwing the democractic system and establishing a totalitarian regime. In the 1925 election Hindenburg had been the candidate of the political right and had been strenously opposed by much of the moderate left and political centre. However in 1932 this part of the political spectrum decided to unite with the moderate right in supporting Hindenburg, in order to prevent Hitler's election. The support of the moderate 'Weimar coalition' was also encouraged by the fact that, contrary to fears expressed at the time of his election in 1925, Hindenburg had not used his office in an attempt to over-throw the Weimar constitution, as Hitler now aimed to do.

Related Topics:
Weimar coalition - Weimar constitution

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Although Hitler lost the presidential election of 1932, he succeeded Hindenburg as head of state only two years later, when Hindenburg's death brought his term to a premature end in 1934. After the president's death Hitler abolished the office entirely to replace it with the new position of Führer und Reichskanzler ("Führer and Reich Chancellor"), and cement his dictatorship.

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The 1932 election was the second of only two presidential elections of the Weimar period. When the modern office of German Federal President was established in 1949, following the restoration of democracy in West Germany, it was decided that the president would be chosen indirectly by means of a Federal Convention consisting of parliamentarians and state delegates. To date, therefore, the 1932 election was the last occasion on which a direct presidential election has occurred in Germany.

Related Topics:
German Federal President - 1949 - West Germany - Federal Convention

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