Genome

In biology the genome of an organism is the whole hereditary information of an organism that is encoded in the DNA (or, for some viruses, RNA). This includes both the genes and the non-coding sequences. The term was first coined, in 1920, by Hans Winkler, Professor of Botany at the University of Hamburg.

Comparison of different genome sizes

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Organism

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Genome size (base pairs)

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Virus, Phage Φ-X174;

Related Topics:
Virus - Phage Φ-X174;

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5387 - First sequenced genome

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Virus, Phage λ

Related Topics:
Virus - Phage λ

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5×104

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Bacterium, Escherichia coli

Related Topics:
Bacterium - Escherichia coli

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4×106

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Plant, Fritillary assyrica

Related Topics:
Plant - Fritillary - Assyrica

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13×1010 - Largest known genome

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Fungus,Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Related Topics:
Fungus - Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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2×107

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Nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans

Related Topics:
Nematode - Caenorhabditis elegans

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8×107

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Insect, Drosophila melanogaster

Related Topics:
Insect - Drosophila melanogaster

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2×108

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Mammal, Homo sapiens

Related Topics:
Mammal - Homo sapiens

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3×109

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Note: The DNA from a single human cell has a length of ~1.8m.

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