Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor

Frederick II (December 26, 1194–December 13, 1250), Holy Roman Emperor of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was pretender to the title of King of the Romans from 1212, unopposed holder of that monarchy from 1215, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 until his death in 1250. He was also King of Sicily, from 1198 to 1250, where he was raised and lived most of his life (his mother, Constance of Sicily, was the daughter of Roger II of Sicily). He is also referred to as Frederick I of Sicily. His empire was frequently at war with the Papal States, so it is not surprising that he was excommunicated twice. Pope Gregory IX went so far as to call him the anti-Christ. After his death the idea of his second coming where he would rule a 1000-year reich took hold, possibly in part because of this.

Parentage and children

• Parents
• Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (son of Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor and Beatrix of Burgundy)
• Constance of Sicily (daughter of Roger II of Sicily and Beatrice of Rethel)
• Children
• With Constance of Aragon:
• Henry (VII) of Germany
• With Yolande of Jerusalem:
• unnamed daughter, died young
• Conrad IV of Germany:
• With Isabella of England
• Margaret of Sicily, margravine of Meissen
• Henry Charlote of Sicily
• Frederick of Sicily
• Carl Otto of Sicily
• With Bianca Lancia:
• Manfred of Sicily
• Constance (Anna) of Sicily, married John III Ducas Vatatzes
• Violante of Sicily, married Riccardo di Caserta
• With Adelheid Enzio:
• Enzio of Sardinia
• With Richina of Wolfs'oden:
• Margaret of Swabia
• With Matilda of Antioch:
• Frederich of Antioch
• With unknown:
• Selvaggia
• Conrad of Antioch
• Richard of Theate
• Catarina of Marano
• Blanchefleur
• Gerhard
• Frederick of Pettorana

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Parentage and Children

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Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor

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Beatrix of Burgundy

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Roger II of Sicily

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Beatrix of Rethel

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Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor

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Constance of Sicily

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Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor

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Spouse or Union

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Children

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Constance of Aragon

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• Henry (VII) of Germany

Isabella of Brienne

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• unnamed daughter, died young
  
• Conrad IV of Germany

Elizabeth of England

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• Margaret of Sicily
• Henry Charlote of Sicily
• Frederick of Sicily
• Carl Otto of Sicily

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Beatrix of Lancia

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• Manfred of Sicily
• Constance (Anna) of Sicily

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Margaret of Austria

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no children

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Adelheid Enzio

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• Enzio of Sardinia

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unknown

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• Selvagia

Richina of Wolfs'oden

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• Margaret of Swabia

Matilda of Antioch

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• Frederich of Antioch

unknown

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• Conrad of Antioch,

unknown

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• Richard of Theate

unknown

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• Catarina of Marano

unknown

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• Blanchefleur

unknown

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• Violante

unknown

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• Gerhard

unknown

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• Frederick of Pettorana

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