Fault

There are various types of faults:

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• In document ISO/CD 10303-226, a fault is defined as an abnormal condition or defect at the component, equipment, or sub-system level which may lead to a failure.

:According to Federal Standard 1037C, the term fault has the following meanings:

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• An accidental condition that causes a functional unit to fail to perform its required function.
• A defect that causes a reproducible or catastrophic malfunction. A malfunction is considered reproducible if it occurs consistently under the same circumstances.
• In power systems, an unintentional short-circuit, or partial short-circuit, between energized conductors or between an energized conductor and ground. A distinction can be made between symmetric and asymmetric faults.

Failures in hardware can be caused by random faults or systematic faults, but failures in software are always systematic.

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:See also: Defect, Computer bug

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• A geologic fault is a crack or joint between two blocks of earth (usually tectonic plates) that are moving or have moved relative to each other. Earthquakes often occur along faults.
• A fault, in animal breeding, is a conformation point whose state or quality falls outside of the acceptable range for the attribute being judged.
• In tennis, a fault could be either a foot fault or a service fault, where an aspect(s) of the server's serve is not in line with the rules of the game.

Random faults: A fault that occurs as a result of wear or other deterioration. Whereas the time of a particular occurrence of such a fault cannot be determined, the rate at which such faults occur within the equipment population on average can be predicted with accuracy....

Systematic faults: Systematic faults are often a result of an error in the specification of the equipment and therefore affect all examples of that type. Such faults can remain undetected for years, until conditions conspire to create the failure. Given the same circumstances, each and every example of the equipment...

Defect: Defect can refer to:...